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ABSTRACT NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications. (Under the direction of Dr. Stephen Terry). An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a thermodynamic process that utilizes low temperature waste heat to boil a refrigerant causing it turn to vapor then forces that refrigerant through a turbine/generator combination in order to produce alternating current electricity. An ORC can be used in many applications to take heat that is otherwise wasted because it is vented to the atmosphere, and use it to produce electricity for the facility. This report is a case study of these applications and a brief analysis of the factors affecting the performance of the cycle. It was found that the solar thermal application of ORC’s is an inapplicable option when using evacuated tube collectors and parabolic trough collectors. The working fluid for the ORC can be tailored to fit its applications, for instance R-123 should be used at lower pressures, whereas R-245ca should be used in high pressure/temperature applications, and R-245 is a great baseline fluid used for general applications. It was also found that most of the cycles operate at about 10% efficiency and can be increased by the use of a recuperator or by altering the operating condition based on the fluid selection. An economic analysis was also performed to look at the results of the simple payback period and costs of an ORC with escalating prices in electricity. It was found that the payback is greatly decreased as the price of electricity was increased. The mass flow rate of the waste heat input was also found to have a large impact on the amount of power an ORC can produce.PDF Image | NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications.
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