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COB2B cycle with high efficiency (current best estimate) turbomachinery the cost reduction can be almost 28%. The capital cost on a $/kWBeB basis for the basic design is about the same as for the helium cycle mainly because of the significantly higher efficiency of the GCRA helium Brayton cycle compared to the supercritical COB2B basic design. The high performance design with high efficiency turbomachinery reduces the cost of the HTGR plant with supercritical COB2B cycle by about 12% compared to the helium Brayton cycle. 13.1.9 Efficiency Comparisons with Other Power Cycle Options Figure 13.19 compares thermal efficiencies of a superheated steam cycle, supercritical steam cycle, helium Brayton cycle with two inter-coolers and supercritical COB2B recompression cycle (no re-heats in the case of the helium Brayton cycle and the supercritical COB2B cycle). The best way would be to compare the net efficiencies (i.e. subtracting all plant auxiliary and hotel loads), but due to the lack of available data the thermal efficiencies were used instead and some qualifying considerations will be noted in the following text. It can be observed that the supercritical COB2B cycle always outperforms the helium cycle at the same turbine inlet temperature. However, using high pressures at high temperatures is challenging. Therefore, the temperature range of 550 – 700oP PCwithCOB2B isofmainimportance. InthisrangethesupercriticalCOB2B cycle performs better than both the supercritical steam and the superheated steam Rankine cycles. Moreover, these cycle efficiencies do not take into account all the station loads, which are significantly larger in the case of the steam cycles, due to their higher complexity and more support systems needed (chemical water treatment plant etc.). If these were taken into account the supercritical COB2B cycle should have about 1% higher net efficiency than the supercritical steam cycle at 550oP PC with a significantly simpler, more compact and less capital cost intensive system. Thus this cycle is very attractive for possible application to liquid metal cooled reactors as well as to gas cooled reactors. In the case of helium, the story is somewhat different. By examining the cycle efficiencies we can see that the supercritical COB2B cycle at 550oP PC turbine inlet temperature achieves about the same cycle efficiency as a helium cycle at 750oP PC. However, the expected losses due to leakage and cooling are likely to reduce the net efficiency of the 292PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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