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re-heat is regularly used at fossil stations is that the fuel cost is a significant portion of the electricity generating cost and plant efficiency can reduce this cost. However, this is not the case for nuclear plants. Another reason is that the pressure difference across steam cycle turbines is very high. Therefore, reheater pressure drop does not constitute a significant loss of the useful turbine work. In the case of supercritical COB2B turbines this pressure difference is smaller and thus the re-heater pressure drop is more important. This is especially true in the case of the helium Brayton cycle, where the pressure difference across the turbine is even smaller. 13.1.7 Control Scheme Design For power control two possibilities were investigated: inventory (pressure) control and by-pass control. In pressure control the pressure ratio is held constant. Mass flow rate is reduced in order to match the power demand and as a result the operating pressures drop from their design value. This operating scheme works well for ideal gas cycles, since the turbomachinery operates at its design point. Unfortunately, in the recompression version of the supercritical COB2B cycle the change of the pressure causes the flow split to change. Therefore, if inventory is withdrawn from the cycle and the pressure drops the turbine operates at its design point, but the compressors will operate with different mass flow rate and therefore off their design points. The compressors would have to be equipped with adjustable blading to cope with this situation, which would significantly increase the cost and therefore was not investigated in this work, which focused on simplicity and low cost. In the case of bypass control part of the flow bypasses the turbine. It is important to carefully select the location of the bypass. The best is to place bypass into the system such that the effect on the cycle operating temperatures will be minimal. Based on this consideration only two possible locations of the bypass are available for the recompressing cycle (see Figure 13.16). The first is to put the bypass after the recompressing compressor and merge it at the high temperature recuperator outlet (valve 288PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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