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The thermal efficiencies in Table 13.2 are the fully optimized designs for the respective operating conditions. The net work was reduced by the generator efficiency (98%), mechanical losses (1%), system parasitic losses (2%), switchyard losses (0.5%), pre-cooler pumping power and additional assumed station loads (3%) to give the net efficiency, which turned out to be about 4% lower than the thermal efficiency. The major components for a 600 MWBthB/246 MWBeB power plant were arranged inside a Power Conversion Unit (PCU) envelope, as shown in Figure 13.9. The PCU is 7.6 m in diameter and 18 m tall. The current design of the helium working fluid GT-MHR PCU is 7.6 m in diameter and 34 m tall for a 285 MWBeB plant. The supercritical COB2B PCU thus has ~ 46% higher power density. This is mainly due to the significantly smaller turbomachinery and more compact heat exchangers. Another reduction comes from the use of a conventional hydrogen cooled generator, which is more compact than the helium cooled one used in the GT-MHR PCU. This benefit comes from the fact that COB2B does not leak as easily as helium. Thus shaft sealing between the generator and the turbine is practicable using proven technology and the generator can be placed outside the vessel. Figure 13.10 shows the size comparison of the GT-MHR PCU and the supercritical COB2B PCU. In the design of the direct gas turbine cycle for nuclear power plant service the question of an isolation cooling water loop for the pre-cooler is often brought up. The isolation cooling water loop is added to improve the water chemistry control of the pre- cooler cooling water and to simplify its maintenance. Improved isolation of direct cycle units is also a consideration. In the case of supercritical COB2B this option is difficult to apply because of the strong effect that the compressor inlet temperature has on the cycle efficiency. Introduction of an isolation-cooling loop makes it difficult to keep the compressor inlet temperature at 32oP PC. Therefore a titanium pre-cooler is used, so that possible corrosion problems are minimized and the isolation-cooling loop is not necessary. 281PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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