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12 Comparison with Other Advanced Power Cycles The purpose of this chapter is to compare the supercritical CO2 cycle design with its primary competitors: the helium Brayton cycle and the steam Rankine cycle in its superheated and supercritical versions and to outline the advantages and drawbacks of each cycle as well as the range of applications. Comparison is focused on the achievable efficiencies for each cycle mentioned above and on cycle layout with respect to simplicity and compactness, which primarily determine capital cost. Since the helium Brayton cycle is a gas cycle like the supercritical CO2 cycle more attention is given to the comparison with this cycle. Table 12.1 Supercritical recompression cycle vs. helium Brayton cycles Cycle type Power (MWe) Turbine inlet temperature (oC) Compressor inlet temperature (oC) Compressor inlet pressure (MPa) Compressor outlet pressure (MPa) Pressure ratio Thermal Efficiency (%) Thermal Power (MWth) Mass Flow Rate (kg/s) Volumetric flow rate (turbine inlet) (m3/s) Heat Addition (kJ/kg) Turbine work (kJ/kg) Compressor Work (kJ/kg) Ratio of compressor work to turbine work Heat Regeneration (kJ/kg) Turbine work (MW) Compressor Work (MW) Heat Regeneration (MW) Precooler inlet temperature (oC) Temperature rise across the core (oC) S-CO2 recomp. 300 550 32 7.63 20 2.62 46.07 651.18 3485.41 28.45 186.83 122.42 36.34 0.297 516.34 426.68 126.68 1799.66 70.75 151.67 Helium 1 comp. 300 880 30 4.21 8 1.9 49.25 609.14 472.21 145.74 1289.95 1164.84 529.54 0.455 2602.05 550.05 250.05 1228.71 156.13 248.66 Helium 2 comp. 300 880 30 3.64 8 2.2 51.17 586.28 383.45 118.35 1528.93 1407.20 624.78 0.444 2575.14 539.60 239.6 987.44 114.96 294.72 Helium 3 comp. 300 880 30 3.33 8 2.4 51.71 580.16 348.99 107.71 1662.41 1544.42 684.84 0.443 2523.76 538.99 238.99 880.76 98.61 320.44 12.1 Supercritical Recompression Cycle vs. Helium Brayton Cycle This section is focused on a detailed comparison of the helium Brayton cycle with one, two and three compressors with the CO2 recompression Brayton cycle. The cycles will be compared on the same power basis. The reference power is 300 MWe. For the 254PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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