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Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors

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Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors ( advanced-nuclear-power-technology-program-supercritical-carb )

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11.1.1 Pressure Control (Inventory Control) As indicated above, in a closed gas turbine system the power will change with the change of mass flow rate of the working fluid. When the electric load drops working fluid is withdrawn from the circuit and vice versa. Since the pressure ratio remains unchanged and if the turbine inlet temperature and machine speed are kept constant the turbomachinery efficiency remains practically unchanged. Therefore, the cycle efficiency depends only on the pressures within the cycle. For an ideal gas, where the thermal efficiency is independent of pressure the cycle efficiency is affected only by the pressure drop increase at low pressures. In the case of a real gas, such as CO2, the thermal efficiency is a function of pressure, therefore the cycle efficiency is affected by pressure and pressure drops. As will be shown later, here lies one of the main disadvantages of cycles with real gas properties. Nevertheless, inventory control is known to be the most efficient control method available to closed cycle gas turbine power plants. 5 INLET VALVE 2 COMPRESSOR TURBINE GENERATOR 1 CONTROL VESSEL OUTLET VALVE 6 PRECOOLER 4 3 RECUPERATOR REACTOR Figure 11.1 High-low pressure inventory control 242

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