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of fins per meter is a function of the pitch. The minimum pitch used is 2.4mm and the above methodology was adjusted to achieve this value at 500 oC in order to keep the same margin as for the reference heat exchanger geometry desribed above. This resulted in an increase of the calculated length by a factor of ~ 1.11. The plate thickness was calculated as if the plate consisted of thick cylindrical pressure vessels. The channel radius used is 1 mm. Using the Mohr theory the maximum stress is defined as: r2 +r2 −1 out in τ =pr2 −r2 out in max 2 (9-3) where p is the design pressure, in our case 20 MPa, rout is the outer radius of the pressure vessel, i.e. the plate thickness and rin is the inner radius of the pressure vessel, i.e. channel radius. The minimum plate thickness used is 1.5 mm at 500 oC as recommended by HEATRIC and the results of the stress analysis were corrected by a factor of 1.44 in order to keep the same margin. This reflects the fact that a thick cylinder approximation was used in this work, whereas HEATRIC uses rectangular pressure vessels, which gives more conservative results due to their worse geometry. Nevertheless, this stress analysis is sufficient to give a rough idea of the heat exchanger geometry change as a function of temperature. Thus the cost increase of intermediate heat exchangers due to higher operating temperature can be captured. 9.3 Turbomachinery Design This section describes the turbomachinery design. For both component types (turbine and compressors) axial flow machines were selected. The main reason was the necessity for employing multiple stage machines. The efficiency of centrifugal flow machines drops significantly when multiple stages are used. In general axial flow machines dominate large power applications whereas centrifugal machines are restricted to low powers, where the flow is too small and efficient use of axial blading is not possible. Another important aspect of turbomachinery design is synchronization with the 216PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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