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BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. Biomass Feed 20% moisture Figure 4.4.2 Harvesting Fuel Preparation (sizing & drying) ABRI Bio-Liquid Plant 5% gases 55% Bio-Liquid Production 40% Char Production 1.8% energy input (fossil fuel) 0.4% energy input (fossil fuel) Transport to Bio-Liquid plant 5% energy input (electrical) 0.45% energy input (fossil fuel) 300 km Truck transport Bio-liquid Energy Balance In the Bio-liquid energy balance (Figure 4.4.2), the chemical energy content of the original fuel is used as a baseline. This unfairly equates high-quality energy with biomass heat potential. It should, but doesn’t, account for efficiency losses associated with the supply of the input energy. The fossil fuels and electrical energy used in the bio-liquid production process are compared on a direct conversion basis. Similarly, the product, bio-liquid, should be considered of less quality than the fossil fuels it could replace. Bio-liquid has a lower heating value, greater water content, more handling concerns and fewer direct application opportunities. Typical bio-liquid has an energy content of 17.5 GJ/tonne (LHV). 4.4.5 Bio-liquid System Costs Costs have been based on the ABRI bio-liquid system. ABRI has developed a strategy of bio- liquid production for locations that lack a local or direct use of biomass energy. In such applications the ABRI approach is to concentrate the biomass energy into a bio-liquid product more suited for storage and transport. This implementation strategy is consistent with the scope of this study. The ABRI system is developed as a module sized to handle 50 tonnes/day of feedstock. This is a standard unit that is pre-constructed and commissioned in the manufacturing facility, then shipped to site. Multiple units are used to serve greater throughput. The ABRI system is semi- mobile, which allows flexibility when applied to bugwood harvesting (see Figure 4.4.3). It can also be operated off-grid, although in such applications it requires local power generation and currently uses diesel generation. In the future, it is hoped that an affordable bioenergy electrical supply system will be found to make the ABRI system almost completely energy self-sufficient. Figure 4.4.3 ABRI 50 t/day Pyrolysis Plant Module [ABRI 2006] The generally accepted minimum size of bio-liquid plant is 100 tonnes/day of feedstock. This size is considered necessary to justify the equipment and operating costs while producing Page 51PDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
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