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BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. Alternatively it can be used in coal plants as the CL may address the slagging and biomass fuel handling issues raised by the coal industry as a reason not to implement biomass co-firing. A significant portion of the inorganic materials are removed during the prehydrolysis process making CL a strong candidate for co-firing although the cost difference between coal and biomass remains. Transportation of the briquettes is simpler and cheaper than transportation of liquids and gases. The high energy density of the briquettes, 23 GJ/m3 approaches that of bituminous coal, 26 GJ/m3. Grinding: The renewable CL fuel is then ground to 0.250 mm at the point of use. CL has a heating value between 18 and 20 MJ/kg, depending on the biomass feedstock it is derived from, and an ignition time less than 20 ms, making it a possible replacement for natural gas for combustion. The CL produced is a catalytic fuel composed of cellulose and globulized lignin with a specific surface of about 1.5 to 2.5 m2/g once ground into a fine powder that enhances thermal and biological conversion. The block diagram of the Biomass Refinery Technology shown in Figure 4.2.6 is based on the production of CL. Conventional technology for pulp, sawmills and OSB separate the harvest and transport operation from factory processing. The idea behind the Biomass Refinery Technology is to integrate both these operations, allowing utilization of dispersed biomass even on difficult terrain. The method first produces clean compacted CL in the forest, which can then be further processed into methanol, DME, Synthetic Crude and H2 at a central site in large-scale plants. Prehydrolysis can exploit the fact that the market price for cellulose, lumber, paper and furfural is above $300 per tonne - otherwise, the market value of biomass is below $90 per tonne when it competes against fossil fuel as an energy feedstock. For example, wood residues and straw do not command high prices as energy feedstocks once the transport cost has been subtracted from the sales price. Harvest of biomass like bugwood which cannot be used for lumber requires an improvement in concept, technology and operation procedures necessary for bugwood to compete with fossil feedstock. The Biomass Refinery Technology to make CL and furfural is a step towards achieving this goal. The proposed method is also a way to provide a possible solution to the collection, transportation and processing of dispersed biomass. The energy balance for the fabrication and distribution of briquettes using pre-hydrolysis is shown in Figure 4.2.10. 2.4%energyinput (fossilfuel) 0.1%energyinput (fossilfuel) Transport to plant 0.8%energyinput (electricity) Processing 6%woodresisues 0.4%energyinput (fossilfuel) Local use 250 km turck 0.5%energyinput (fossilfuel) Train transport 1000 km Ship transport User: 9.7% energy used of which 6% is biomass Alberta: 9.8% energy used of which 6% is biomass Eurpoe: 13.2% energy used of which 6% is biomass Biomass Feed 20% moisture Harvesting Figure 4.2.10 Energy Balance for the Production and Distribution of Briquettes Using Prehydrolysis Page 32 3.8%energyinput (fossilfuel)PDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
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