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BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. 4.1.4 GHG Emissions The GHG emissions are directly related to the energy balance. However, electricity emissions in BC are fairly low due to 90% large hydro in the electricity mix. To determine indirect emissions from electricity use, ICF data on marginal electricity generation units for 2007 in BC (average) is used [ICF 2003]. This is a regional value representing emissions due to incremental electricity use in BC and is different from the national emission factor presently under discussion to calculate offsets for the national Offset Trading System. Three cases are shown in Figure 4.1.5. For Case 1 (sale in BC), it is assumed that pellets displace natural gas heating in homes or commercial applications, such as greenhouses. Emission reductions would be larger if pellets displace heating oil. Cases 2 and 3 show the effects of displacing coal as a fuel to make electricity, either in Alberta or in Europe. For transport, emissions assume round trips, with the carrier being empty on its return trip. In all cases, the emission reductions per tonne of bugwood that enters the pellet plant are far greater than those caused by processing and transporting the wood. 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Displaced Transport Processing Harvesting Figure 4.1.5 GHG Emissions for Three Uses of Pellets Page 21 t CO2 per bdt of feedstockPDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
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