PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 022
BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. 3 HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT COSTS 3.1 Harvesting Costs Harvesting costs, including replanting, road and camp construction, overhead and loading, are given by industry as $40 per m3 of wood [COFI 2005b]. Table 3.1.1 lists the entire harvesting cost, including bidding cost and stumpage fees, as compared to harvesting costs determined in BIOCAP 2005. As low-value bugwood has no value as chips or sawlogs, it is classified as Grade 3 or lower, i.e. the stumpage fee is very low. The bidding cost is modelled on a recent bid by a pellet manufacturer, assuming that it remains low in the interest of finding bidders that can use the resource in order to enable regrowth of new, healthy trees. Table 3.1.1 Harvesting Costs Felling, Skidding, Delimbing, Silviculture, Road and Camp Construction, Overhead* Bidding cost** Annual license and stumpage fees TOTAL Felling, Skidding, Delimbing, Silviculture, Road and Camp Construction, Overhead COFI 2005a (Grade 3 wood) BIOCAP 2005 40 105 0.13 0.3 0.37 1 40.50 106 26.05 68.55 Harvesting Cost Source $/m3 $/bdt * Office operations, environmental protection, consultant fees, archaeological surveys engineering etc. ** Based on recent CH Andersen bid There is a marked difference between the harvesting costs determined in BIOCAP 2005 and the cost determined here based on industry information. The higher harvesting cost seems excessive compared to other types of biomass, but comes from industry practitioners. A forthcoming report from the Pacific Forest Centre [PFC 2005] determines a harvesting cost of $75.44/bdt, which lies in-between the values discussed. The actual harvesting of bugwood logs, and skidding them to the roadside, costs over $16/m3 [PFC 2005] - slightly increased for bugwood due to the use of deckers etc. (see below). Several other circumstances make harvesting more expensive in BC: • Environmental regulations do not allow harvesting in conditions when the ground is too wet as the vegetation would be destroyed through the harvesting equipment. Such weather conditions occur more and more frequently in BC due to warmer winters, which means the ground does not freeze. Also, as many trees die in an area, water uptake from trees is reduced in the summer, leading to wetter ground conditions between June and September in the BC Interior. Any interruptions in harvesting activity make it more expensive to salvage wood. • Harvesting costs tend to be slightly higher for bugwood as it cannot always be harvested using conventional methods. For example, a decker (buttn-top log loader) may be required to harvest the trees, instead of a just skidder, increasing equipment costs. On the other hand, increasing the amount of wood harvested by including bugwood may reduce overall road construction and camp costs. • Transportation costs can also be affected, as wet roads are less stable and the maximum payload for trucks cannot always be achieved. FERIC has made some initial cost estimates for the delivered cost of bugwood and arrived at $37 to $43 per m3, including transport costs [FERIC 2006]. However, including all overhead costs and the other factors mentioned above may take this to $50 as quoted here. More cost Page 13PDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
PDF Search Title:
IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASSOriginal File Name Searched:
bib97175.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)