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All the fluids exhibit the same behaviour for the electrical power output. The changes in pressure ratio do not have much of an effect. This is due to the fact that the expander is in the optimal or slightly under expanded area where the pressure needs to be throttled down to the condenser pressure after expansion. The only loss which makes a difference is a slight increase in leakage flow which takes away mass flow from producing useful work. R134a, R245fa, iso-butane, and iso-pentane show over expansion for certain pressure ratios resulting in additional work to raise the pressure of the fluid after expansion. The amount of pressure drop during the isentropic expansion part of the model is governed by the built in volume ratio (BVR). Because the superheat is kept constant, when temperature is dropped the saturation pressure is dropped. In some cases this results in the pressure drop during isentropic expansion to drop below the condenser pressure. This means that the expander needs to use some work to increase the pressure to the condenser pressure even after the isochoric pressure building process. This explains the low electrical power output, low exergy, and low isentropic efficiencies at certain pressure ratios. In general increasing pressure ratio results in decreased values for all the graphs. R134a and R227ea reach maximum power output at around 100 ̊C. Exergy and isentropic efficiencies for these fluids only decrease with increasing temperature. Overall the importance of pressure ratios and temperature is revealed with the parametric study. This is important for the optimization because guess values need to be set within range of optimal conditions to obtain proper results. 74PDF Image | Exergoeconomic Analysis and Optimization of ORC
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