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Silver Bay Biomass Binary Power Co‐generation Findings: Process Description (continued) The storage bin will have a hydraulically driven pusher plate (wedge)‐type walking floor that continuously delivers fuel to a through (drag) chain conveyor (b) that supplies fuel to the infeed bin (c) and conveyor. The infeed conveyor, also hydraulically driven pusher type and driven by the centralized hydraulic system, pushes the fuel up through a widening plenum and onto the grate and the rear of the refractory lined combustion chamber. Pre‐heated under grate (primary) combustion air is provided by separate fans supplying different grate zones. Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR) is provided to minimize the generation of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). A single secondary air fan supplies a mixture of ambient air and FGR through multiple high pressure nozzles designed for maximum turbulence, allowing for complete combustion and low Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions. Grate and bottom ash is collected and discharged through a slide gate (l) to a series of drag (through) chain conveyors (m) for collection and storage in a steel ash dumpster (n). Hot (>1900°F) combustion gases travel to the Thermal Oil (TO) heater (e), which is removed from the radiation zone of the combustion chamber. By not having radiation heat transfer and fluid temperatures lower than conventional Rankine (steam) boilers, tube corrosion and fouling is reduced, allowing for the use of air sootblowers and sonic horns to maintain the cleanliness of convection heat transfer surfaces. The TO travels around the perimeter of the heater within concentric loops of tangent tubes, heated by the flue gas traveling on the outside of the tubes. Flow of the TO and flue gas is counter‐current to increase thermal efficiency. Flue gas temperature is about 750°F as it exits the TO heater and enters the economizer section (f). In the economizer, TO is preheated in 2 stages. The lower temperature TO economizer stage is typically used to pre‐heat primary (under‐grate) air. The higher temperature economizer preheats all the TO entering the TO heater. Fly ash from the economizer hopper is usually discharged into the bottom ash storage bin. Particulate emissions may be controlled by either a multi‐clone dust collector or an electrostatic precipitator (ESP, g) or a series of both (the scope for the Grand Marais project includes both the multi‐clone and ESP). Occasionally, European installations include a direct contact scrubber (j) after the ESP for very low grade heat collection followed by a system for warming the flue gas above the dewpoint to prevent the scrubber caused condensed flue gas from being visible. ESP fly ash is discharged to a drag chain (o) and into another steel ash receptacle (p). 13PDF Image | Biomass Binary Power Co-generation
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