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Radial Inflow Splitter Blades in Three-Dimensional

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Radial Inflow Splitter Blades in Three-Dimensional ( radial-inflow-splitter-blades-three-dimensional )

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A DESIGN STUDY OF RADIAL INFLOW TURBINES WITH SPLITTER BLADES IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW by William Djaja Tjokroaminata submitted to the department of Aeronautics and Astronautics in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science ABSTRACT An inverse design technique to design turbomachinery blading with splitter blades in three-dimensional flow is presented. Using the Clebsch formulation, the velocity field is decomposed into a potential part and a rotational part; the rotational part can be expressed in terms of the mean swirl schedule (product of radius and tangential velocity) and blade geometry which includes that of the main blade as well as the splitter blade. This leads to an inverse design approach in which the main and splitter blade geometry are determined from a specification of the swirl schedule. In this study, the division of the swirl at the leading edge between the main and splitter blades is based on simple linear proportionality that involves the length of the splitter blade. At the trailing edge, the swirl is assigned a zero value. Along the hub and the shroud, polynomials are used to interpolate the values of the swirl that result in the continuity of the second derivative of the swirl schedule. Within the main and splitter blade regions the mean swirl schedule is generated through the use of the Biharmonic Equation. The numerical implementation of the inverse design method is based on the use of the finite- element method on the meridional plane and Fourier collocation in the circumferential direction. The discrete governing equations are solved iteratively until the difference in the blade camber for the main blade as well as the splitter blade between two successive iterations has become sufficiently small. This technique is applied to the design study of a radial inflow turbine with splitter blades; the splitter blades are proposed as a means for reducing the blade lean angle and for possibly improving the aerodynamics as indicated by the reduction of inviscid reversed flow region on the pressure side of the blades. The results indicate that the use of splitter blades is an effective means for making the blade filament at an axial location more radial; appropriate use of splitter blades can eliminate any inviscid reversed flow region that may exists on the pressure side of the blades. In addition, the length of splitter blades has an influence on the extent of the reversed flow region. In agreement with earlier results, stacking position should be near the location of maximum blade loading for a good design. A number referred to as the Wrap Factor has been introduced; it is defined in terms of the specified swirl along the hub and the shroud and is shown to correlate with the blade lean angle. For instance, by increasing the Wrap Factor appropriately the blade lean angle near the trailing edge has been reduced to 4.70 as compared to 56.3* for the situation with no splitter blades. At the same time the inviscid reversed flow region has been reduced also. By relaxing the condition of zero incidence angle at the leading edge, the blade lean angle there can be substantially reduced. In general the present work indicates that there is a trade-off between the structural and the aerodynamic constraints since an increase in the Wrap Factor is generally accompanied by an increase in the Wake Number; the latter is a measure of the extent of the formation of secondary flow in the blade passage. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Choon S. Tan Title: Principal Research Engineer, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

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Radial Inflow Splitter Blades in Three-Dimensional

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