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AFREPREN/FWD Success Story – Geothermal Power Generation in Kenya EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Using technology available today, Africa has the potential to provide 9,000 MW of power generation capacity from hot water and steam based geothermal resources, not including the additional potential of heat and ground source heat pump applications (BCSE, 2003). The geothermal potential for selected African countries is shown in Table 1. These estimates of existing geothermal power generation potential do not include direct thermal use of geothermal energy, which is widely practiced in North Africa and parts of eastern and southern Africa, nor do they include the potential of geothermal technologies such as ground source heat pumps. Table 1: Geothermal Potential of Selected African Countries North Africa Algeria 700 Sub Saharan Africa Kenya Ethiopia Djibouti Uganda Tanzania Source: Karekezi and Kithyoma, 2008 Kenya has registered significant progress in exploring geothermal energy for power generation. It has an installed capacity of 127 MW, equivalent to about 11% of the country’s installed electricity generation capacity. Kenya’s power investment plan envisages a major increase in geothermal power in current projections indicating that the resource’s contribution to the country’s installed capacity would increase to about 30%. Varying levels of geothermal exploration and research have been undertaken in Djibouti, Eritrea, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi and Madagascar, but the potential for electricity generation is highest in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, which are all part of the Great Rift Valley. Government representatives from Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania and Eritrea are interested in the use of small-scale geothermal plants for rural electrification mini-grid systems, although this has not yet been attempted. Based on its extensive expertise in geothermal power, Kenya's principal power generation company, KenGen, has assisted neighbouring countries, including Rwanda, Eritrea and Zambia in the assessment and development of their geothermal resources. Geothermal power has also been successfully exploited in northern African countries, using geothermal fluid for irrigation of oases as well as heating and irrigation of greenhouses. In Kenya, a flower company is exploiting geothermal heat for use in its greenhouses, with good results1. This document summarizes the successful development of geothermal in Kenya, and consists of the following sections: 1 The value added from using waste steam in greenhouses could be useful in marketing the flowers as carbon neutral. Country Potential Generation in MW 3,000 >1,000 230-860 450 150 www.e-parl.net www.afrepren.org P a g e | 1PDF Image | Geothermal Power Generation in Kenya
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