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optimum performance of our proposed cycle. These points are tabulated in Table 1 in order to provide future guidance for researchers who desire to springboard from our current analysis. Given conservative device efficiencies an overall cycle efficiency is found to be 11% with an optimum volumetric expansion ratio to be between 1.4 and 1.5. Furthermore, to achieve this cycle the heat exchanger need only be 78% effective. Figure 3. Plot generated from parametric analysis to determine cycle efficiency based on temperature drop over heat exchanger. Table 1. Operating Points Defined by Cycle Optimization s (kJ/kg- K) 11% for the cycle given by the state-points of Table 1 and Figure 1 agree with the findings of [15] where high-side and low-side pressures of 200 bar, and 60 bar afford an efficiency of 13%. Furthermore, our current findings agree with the high pressure limiting behavior of efficiency for SCO2 regenerative waste heat recovery cycles reported by [12, 13], where efficiencies on the order of 9% are reported for high side pressures of 150 bar. Finally, the asymptotic trends of cycle efficiency versus SCO2 mass flow rates reported in [16] asymptotically limit the cycle efficiency to 10% which is in qualitative agreement with the current findings of this paper. With the above comparison of our results to available data in the literature, the accuracy of our present calculations has been demonstrated. 3.3. Heat Exchanger Sizing Current heat exchanger analysis techniques call for evaluation of fluid properties using bulk average temperatures. However, this assumption is only valid for fluids with properties that vary linearly within the heat exchanger. Evaluating fluid properties at the bulk average temperature severely overestimates specific heat throughout the heat exchanger [10], as shown by State T P ρ h Points (K) (MPa) (kg/m3) (kJ/kg) 1 308 12.4 776.61 2 319 20 810.4 3 417 20 338.83 4 473 20 258.82 5 436 12.4 176.78 6 328 12.4 537.76 3.2. Results Comparison 278.19 1.23 289.38 1.24 513.32 1.86 597.79 2.05 577.23 2.08 353.29 1.47 These current findings are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the studies of [11-13, 15, 16]. When comparing our current findings of 11% efficiency it should be kept in mind that herein we have assumed a nominal pinch-point in our heat exchanger on the order of 10 C (from Figure 3) in comparison to a pinch-point of 5 C assumed in [11,15]. A larger pinch-point translates into a smaller heat-exchanger, such as the ones physically realized by the commercial hardware of [19, 20]. Nevertheless, our efficiency of 5PDF Image | Waste Heat Energy Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recovery Cycle Analysis and Design
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