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X. D. Niu et al. / Adv. Appl. Math. Mech., 5 (2010), pp. 564-572 565 fluid have been proposed for combined generation of electrical power and thermal en- ergy/refrigeration supplies [1, 2]. Experimental studies [3, 4] have been carried out to investigate supercritical CO2-based cycle performance. Power generation efficiency is found to be 8.0%, comparable with that of solar cells and in addition, the cycle can also supply thermal energy/refrigeration to user. One of the major factors contributing to the high system efficiency is that the collector efficiency is surprisingly high, as found to be above 70.0%. The collector efficiency of 70.0% is much higher than that using wa- ter as the working fluid, in which case the maximum efficiency is only 50.0% [3–5]. In the experimental tests, all-glass evacuated solar collectors with a U-tube heat removal system are used and details of the collectors can be seen in references [2, 3]. Figure 1: Thermophysical coefficients of CO2 as functions of temperature. However, the details and fundamental reasons for the enhanced convective heat transfer in a collector tube in the case of using supercritical CO2 as the working fluid are still not very clear. This is because the behaviors of the thermophysical coefficients of CO2, such as density, specific heat, viscosity and thermal diffusion are very com- plicated in the supercritical state. Fig. 1 shows variations of the CO2 thermophysical coefficients of density ρ, specific heat Cp, kinematic viscosity υ and thermal diffusion D as a function of temperature at the pressure of 8.0MPa. It is seen that the coefficients are very sensitive to the change of temperature. Cp achieves a sharp peak around 35◦C and this is the pseudo-critical temperature for 8.0MPa; meanwhile, the two transport coefficients are minimal. The thermophysical properties are also influenced by the pressure. The striking dependence of thermophysical properties on both temperature and pressure would influence the flow and heat transfer characteristics. As the first step towards a fundamental understanding and estimation of the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO2 under forced convection conditions, in this paper, a lattice Boltzmann investigation of the supercritical CO2 thermal flow in a sim- ple geometrical configuration–a two-dimensional horizontal channel is carried out.PDF Image | Study of Forced Convection Heat Transfer of Supercritical CO2 in a Horizontal Channel by Lattice Boltzmann Method
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