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FUEL FROM THE SKY: SOLAR POWER’S POTENTIAL FOR WESTERN ENERGY SUPPLY Fission has been used for power generation for many decades, while power generation from fusion is still decades away. In the next two sections we will briefly describe the use of fission for western energy supply and the promise that fusion holds. Fission Some 18,795 MW of nuclear power in the West generate about 11% of western electricity. Each region has some nuclear power generation except for Colorado and Wyoming, where the only nuclear plant in the region, Fort St. Vrain, was converted to a gas-fired power plant. The Washington Public Power Supply System, in the Northwest, has several unfinished nuclear power plant projects. In the 1960s and 1970s, nuclear power was praised as the form of energy that would be “too cheap to meter.” The reality of the development of the more than 100 power plants in the U.S. over three decades has been different. Nuclear power turned out to be expensive, especially in light of retrofits required after the incident at Three Mile Island. Nevertheless, since then, nuclear power has overcome many of its initial problems, and modern nuclear reactors are well designed, with construction costs likely in the $2,000/kW range. However, given the current political and economic climate, the development of new nuclear power plants is unlikely, despite the emphasis on nuclear power in the President’s National Energy Policy. Today, nine out of ten megawatts are built by IPPs and financed by capital markets. IPPs are already finding it difficult to build gas-fired power plants in western communities, where gas-fired generation technology is clean and poses no danger to the public. New nuclear unit construction will need to be championed by the electric utilities themselves and will require strong political support and increased volatility of natural gas prices. Finally, nuclear power, despite much better plant design, is fraught with the questions of operating safety, storage of nuclear material, and the danger of terrorist attacks. It is our view that, in light of these considerations, the construction of new nuclear facilities is unlikely. We predicted that existing nuclear facilities would uprate, if technically and economically possible, and this trend has materialized. We further believed that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) would grant extension of licenses for the operating life of nuclear facilities if the facilities were deemed safe for continued operation. This trend, too, has come true. Such uprates and extensions of operating licenses are economically favorable, because nuclear plants’ large capital costs have already been recovered from ratepayers, and the additional capacity or additional years of generation come at low cost. Finally, these nuclear facilities are in communities that are accustomed to the power plants in their neighborhoods and are unlikely to mount opposition. 127PDF Image | Solar Fuel From The Sky
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