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Recovery of Engine Waste Heat for Reutilization in Air Conditioning System in an Automobile: An Investigation Abhilash Pathania α, Dalgobind Mahto Ω Presently, in the vehicles VCRS is in use in most of the cases. In lieu of VCRS, if, VARS is used in vehicles the refrigeration system could be operable in a vehicle without adding running cost for air conditioning. There is a great impact on the running cost of a vehicle due to increasing cost of fuel. The A/C system adds nearly 35 % extra cost in fuel expenses. Alternately, it is a matter of investigation that waste recovery of an engine for application in A/C can reduce the fuel economy of vehicles to what maximum extent? It has been revealed that there is great potential to reduce A/C fuel consumption because A/C systems have traditionally been designed to maximize capacity, not efficiency. From the reviews of various literatures there is an indication that reducing the A/C load decreases A/C fuel consumption. In the same line, an automobile engine utilizes only about 35% of available energy and rests are lost to cooling and exhaust system. If one is adding conventional air conditioning system to automobile, it further utilizes about 5% of the total energy. Therefore automobile becomes costlier, uneconomical and less efficient. Additional of conventional air conditioner in car also decreases the life of engine and increases the fuel consumption. For very small cars compressor needs 3 to 4 bhp, a significant ratio of the power output. Keeping these problems in mind, a car air conditioning system is proposed from recovery of engine waste heat using radiator water as source / generator for VARS. a) Vapour Compression Refrigeration System Heat flows naturally from a hot to a colder body. But, in refrigeration system there is opposite phenomena i.e. heat flows from a cold to a hotter body. This is achieved by using a substance called a refrigerant. The refrigerant absorbs heat and hence evaporates at a low pressure to form a gas. This gas is then compressed to a higher pressure, such that it transfers the heat it has gained to ambient air or water and turns back (condenses) into a liquid. Thus, heat is absorbed, or removed, from a low temperature source and transferred to a higher temperature source. Author α : Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Email : abhilashpathania@shooliniuniversity.com Author Ω : Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Green • 1 – 2, Low pressure liquid refrigerant in the Hills Engineering College, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Email : mahto123@rediffmail.com Abstract - With the rapid changing environment and atmospheric effect, the air conditioning of the moving vehicle has become a necessity. In the same time consumers are incapable to bear the increasing operating cost of the vehicles due to continuous raise in fuel prices, component costs and maintenance costs associated with vehicles. More recently, several new philosophies for manufacturing improvement have been developed and implemented in various sectors, be it manufacturing, service or other. Keep in mind in this paper, an exploration has been done to research the possibility of waste heat recovery and its subsequent utilization in air conditioning system of a vehicle without increasing the component cost, weight, number of component and bring improvement in vehicle by making luxurious. Keywords : Waste Engine Heat, Air Conditioning System, VCRS, VARS. I. INTRODUCTION Industries are vying for various tools and techniques for competitive advantage over the competitors in an ever-changing global market by combining factors like quality, cost, flexibility, responsiveness, and innovation. In today’s global market, there is constantly increasing pressure to make products more quickly, with more variety, at the lowest possible cost. In the end, those companies that meet and exceed customers’ demands will succeed by remaining competitive. Then, the question is, how do companies become competitive and retain their competitiveness? This question may not be easy to answer because manufacturing systems are complex, and simple solutions to manufacturing problems may not exist. Therefore, companies must choose from available techniques to develop their own solutions in the existing products to attract the customers in their fold without adding extra cost. With the rapid changing environment and atmospheric effect, the air conditioning of the moving vehicle has become a necessity. Air conditioning of a vehicle can be done by Vapour Compression Refrigeration System (hereinafter VCRS) and Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System (hereinafter VARS). 7 The refrigeration cycle can be broken down into the following stages (ref. Figure 1): evaporator absorbs heat from its surroundings, © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Researches in Engineering (A ) Volume XII Issue vvvvI Version I January 2012PDF Image | Recovery of Engine Waste Heat for Reutilization in Air
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