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ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE (ORC) IN BIOMASS PLANTS: AN OVERVIEW ON DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS

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ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE (ORC) IN BIOMASS PLANTS: AN OVERVIEW ON DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS ( organic-rankine-cycle-orc-in-biomass-plants-an-overview-on-d )

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Turboden s.r.l. via Cernaia,10 25124 Brescia Italy t. +390303552001 f. +390303552011 info@turboden.it www.turboden.it C.F./P.I. 02582620981 capitale sociale Euro 1.800.000,00 i.v. registro delle imprese C.C.I.A.A. di Brescia REA 461817 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0,080 0,120 Turboden 4 Turboden 6 Turboden 7 Turboden 10 Turboden 14 Turboden18 Turboden 22 TargetPBT PBT f (Electricity Value) 0,160 0,200 0,240 Electricity Value [€/kWh] 0,280 Figure 2: Influence of the electricity value on the PBT of the cogeneration plant Figure 2 shows that, entering the diagram with a given electricity value, the achievement of a project feasibility acceptable for bank financing depends strongly on the plant size, because of its strong influence on the specific investment costs. 2.2 Influenceofadditionalheatusedbyabsorptionchilleronplantfeasibility[4] The use of chillers for air-conditioning of residential and commercial buildings is leading to a rapid increase in the electrical load during summer months. Consequences include a need for additional installed electric power (the yearly peak power request is shifting from winter to summer) and increase in CO2 emissions. Absorption chillers are a mature technical solution that allow to use heat instead of electricity to produce cold water for space cooling. In particular, single stage absorption chillers allow to use hot water at about 90°C for cooling purposes. With this background, trigeneration projects based on absorption chillers are an interesting alternative to traditional chiller plants because they give the possibility to add an important heat user during the “non- peak” season, achieving a much better distribution of the yearly heat load. From a strategic point of view these plants are particularly interesting because they substitute a valuable electric energy consumption, due to compressor chillers, with an easily available thermal energy consumption required by absorption chiller . 2.3 Realcase:Ostrowwielkopolski[3] The district heating plant of the Polish city of Ostrow Wielkopolski serves the city of Ostrow through a 50 km long grid. The heating energy requested by the network is about 190 GWh/year. The users are mainly residential buildings but about 10% of the heat is supplied to industrial customers. The heating plant was based on 5 coal boilers rated 12 MWth each and on 2 natural gas peak load boilers rated 15 MWth each. In 2000 a gas Turbine rated 5,2 MWel and 11,6 MWth was added in order to cover the base load and increase both energetic and economical performance of the heating plant. In 2005 the possibility to add a Biomass cogeneration system was evaluated. Different technical solutions (steam turbine, gasification system, ORC system) and plant sizes were carefully evaluated and a solution based on a 1,5 MWel ORC unit was selected. The economical feasibility, the ease of operation, the high reliability of the ORC solution, and the high number of references in Europe in this This document contains proprietary information of turboden srl. Duplication or disclosure to a third party of the information contained herein is expressly forbidden without the written consent of Turboden srl - Questo documento non deve essere riprodotto ne` divulgato senza autorizzazione scritta di Turboden srl. PBT [years]

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