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is nested mainly in the New Energy Sources SBIR category (Topic 28). Other solar subtopics, power electronics for PV, for example, are solicited in other major topics (such as 29). The SBIR Solar Program fits very nicely into the DOE Solar Program Multi-Year Technical Plan because it augments and supports the core program, in all aspects, with integrated solutions from the vast U.S. small business community. 2. Technical Approach Prior to the 2004 award, there was a 3-year hiatus in the Solar Program’s participation in SBIR. The FY 2003/2004 solicitation in the renewable energy area included the following topics: New Technologies for General Illumination Applications, Energy Efficient Membranes, New Energy Sources, Sensors and Controls, and Innovative Waste Heat Recovery. The New Energy Sources subtopics were: Materials and Components for Solar Energy Systems, Low Head Hydropower Systems, Power Converters for Diverse Applications, Hydrogen Production via Electrolysis in Photovoltaics, and Wind Systems. One hundred and forty proposals were received in New Energy Sources and 80 of them went into the review cycle. Of these, seven were awarded the Phase 1 award of $100K per project for a 2-year time period. In April 2005, these seven will compete for the $750K Phase 2 award for 2.5 years. Photovoltaics received the lion’s share of the solar awards (about a 4:1 ratio). The four solar/PV awardees in this solicitation were: Amonix (Torrance, CA) to develop a large (200- KW) PV concentrator electrolysis system for generating solar hydrogen; GTi (Nashua, NH) and Crystal Systems (Salem, MA) to generate a PV- oriented crystalline silicon supply (targeted at non-semiconductors); and UQM Technologies (Golden, CO) to produce a versatile, efficient, and reliable power conditioner for PV/utility application. 3. Results and Accomplishments There are many successful outcomes of SBIR awards that matured in FY 2003/2004. Amonix (Torrance, CA) produced a novel concept to achieve high-packing density of solar cells with high reliability. AstroPower (Newark, DE) produced thin (less than 30 micron) silicon-film solar cells on glass-ceramic substrates. First Solar (Toledo, OH) automated an assembly-line production of materials for high-performance CdTe PV modules, as well as an environmentally responsible method to recycle thin-film CdTe modules. GTi (Nashua, NH) and Crystal Systems (Salem, MA) have developed advanced machinery for slicing crystalline silicon ingots (with a much reduced kerf loss) and are actively selling these worldwide. The large majority of Solar Program SBIR accomplishments, however, matured in the 1990s and are not in the scope of this publication. Now, with the new cross-cutting approach having been implemented as of FY 2003/2004, there will be much more activity. 4. Planned FY 2005 Activities Further development of solar/PV systems is needed through creative and innovative approaches in engineering and design, new materials and processes, and cross-cutting activities with other fields. The following areas would complement and enhance the existing research activities: • Fabricate ultra-thin layers of CIS and CdTe for PV modules (manufacture in 3 years). • Develop new solar concentrator designs that could lower first costs, potentially lower operating costs, be easy to manufacture and install, and be replicable for large fields of troughs, heliostats, and/or dishes. • Develop easily manufactured PV systems that can capture waste solar thermal energy (that heats the PV cell, especially concentrators) at high efficiency for cogeneration. • Develop and manufacture solar cells (greater than 10% efficient) based on polymers, small molecules, dyes, chromophores, or other materials (e.g., quantum structures of inorganic materials) with good reliability, low cost, and easy manufacturability. • Develop low-cost rapid processes for the production of crystalline silicon (with significant technologies). improvements of currentPDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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