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Fig. 2. U.S. map of glycol-selective annual savings of domestic water heating energy. Results for all the variations on the glycol system are shown in Fig. 3. BOS variations are done first, followed by collector variations. Once a BOS measure is introduced, it remains for succeeding cases. BOS measures account for most of the COSE reduction. The nonselective metal-glass collector and the unglazed polymer collector are not effective measures because they increase COSE. Even though first costs are lowered, performance is lowered proportionally more. For all cases, only the use of the polymer collectors results in first cost under $1,500. For all three SDHW types, use of the nonselective polymer collector results in approximately the same COSE as the base-case selective metal-glass collector, but with lower first cost. For similar measures, the thermosiphon system always has the lowest COSE value by ~10%, because of elimination of the pump and controller needed in the two active systems. Table 3. COSE for Three System Types System Glycol Drainback Thermosiphon Base Best2* Base Best2* Base Best2* COSE (¢/kWh) 11.2 5.5/6.3 11.8 5.2/6.3 9.3 4.8/6.6 desirability of the suggested R&D. The ASES 2005 Annual Conference provides a good venue. It was originally intended to issue an RFP for development of low-cost, cold-climate systems in FY 2005. However, the FY 2005 budget for low- cost systems is reduced significantly from expectation, and the RFP will be postponed until FY 2006. The RFP will be prepared in FY 2005, but issued in FY 2006. The RFP will likely be focused on BOS improvements, assuming that there is consensus in the solar industry on that direction. First Cost & Cost of Savings for Glycol $3,500 14 $3,000 12 $2,500 10 $2,000 8 $1,500 6 $1,000 4 BOS Variations Collector Variations 1st Cost COSE w/O&M %Reduction2* 50.5/40.7 53.5/43.8 57.0/46.4 Fig. 3. First cost and COSE for the glycol system. COSE data are shown with/without O&M cost included. 5. Major FY 2004 Publications J. Burch, J. Salasovich, C. Christensen, and J. Thornton, “Geographical V ariation in Performance of an Unglazed Solar System Meeting Water Heating and Space Conditioning Loads,” 2004 ASES Conference Proceedings, ASES, Boulder, CO. T. Hilman, Cost and Benefit Analysis of Cold Climate Solar Water Heating Systems. M.S. Thesis, CAEE Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 2005. Best2 and %Reduction2 cells give results for the two best cases: polymer-selective/polymer-nonselective. The COSE with today’s selective metal collector is about equal to the COSE with the hypothesized polymer non- selective collector. 4. Planned FY 2005 Activities Meetings with U.S. solar industry manufacturers and installers will be held to present analysis results and seek their input on reasonableness and First Cost COSE [c/kWh] Base case One pump Polymer tank + hx Integrated piping Valve package Non-selective mtl-gls Polymer selective Polymer non-selective Polymer unglazedPDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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