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Concentrating Solar Power Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use the heat generated by concentrating and absorbing the sun's energy to drive a conventional turbine or heat engine/generator and produce electric power. Three types of CSP systems—power tower, trough, and dish—are all capable of producing power using the sun's energy. Trough systems, the most commercially mature of the three systems, use linear parabolic concentrators to focus sunlight along the focal lines of the collectors. In a power tower system, a field of two-axis tracking mirrors, called heliostats, reflects the solar energy onto a receiver that is mounted on top of a centrally located tower. Dish/engine systems comprise a parabolic dish concentrator, a thermal receiver, and a heat engine/generator located at the focus of the dish to generate power. A variation of the dish/engine system, concentrating photovoltaics or CPV, would replace the thermal receiver and heat engine with an array of high-efficiency photovoltaic cells. With the advent of renewable friendly policies within the United States and abroad there is a renewed interest in CSP technologies based on their potential for low cost and ease of large-scale implementation. In the U.S. southwestern states, CSP projects are under way in Nevada and Arizona; New Mexico and California are investigating the possibilities of developing CSP plants. R&D priorities of the CSP program are determined, in part, by projects being developed under the state programs. Among the accomplishments of the DOE Solar Program’s CSP activity in FY 2004 are: Dish/Engine System R&D • Designed, fabricated, and installed the first next-generation, 25-kW Stirling Energy Systems dish/Stirling system; began initial operation of the system and started monitoring performance. Parabolic Trough R&D • Modeled a new selective coating that appears to meet the long-term selective property goals for parabolic trough receivers. • Completed a thermal-cycling test of filler material for a molten-salt thermocline storage system and verified that the filler material would survive a 30-year commercial lifetime. Advanced Concepts • Completed pilot plant production run of ReflecTech silvered polymer reflector with improved UV stability. • Provided significant industry support related to reflectors to the concentrating photovoltaics industry. CSP Systems Analysis • Developed state-by-state maps for California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Nevada describing economically viable sites for large-scale CSP plants. • Developed regional analysis of existing/planned transmission capacity plus a review of state- level major transmission constraints.PDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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