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Solar Thermal R&D Subprogram Overview Frank W. Wilkins, Team Leader, Solar Thermal R&D The Solar Thermal Subprogram comprises two key activities: Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and Solar Heating and Lighting (SH&L). CSP technologies use mirrors to concentrate the sun’s energy up to 10,000 times sunlight to power conventional turbines, heat engines, or other converters to generate electricity. Energy from CSP systems is high-value renewable power, because energy storage and hybrid designs allow it to be provided when needed. This is particularly important to utilities that need to increase the amount of power available to them during periods of peak demand. The SH&L research activity develops solar technologies that provide hot water for residential and commercial buildings. SH&L is also developing solar hybrid lighting. R&D sponsored by the Solar Thermal Subprogram is done in collaboration with industry and university partners. Goals and Objectives Concentrating Solar Power CSP systems currently offer the least-expensive source of solar electricity (12¢–14¢/kWh) with systems ranging in size from kilowatt-scale distributed systems to multi-megawatt power plants. A recent study by the Sargent & Lundy Consulting Group projected that large CSP systems will be able to produce power in the 3.5¢ to 6.2¢/kWh range by 2020 with continued R&D and sufficient deployment. Our goal by 2010 is to reduce the cost of energy from CSP technology to 7¢/kWh. This will be done through R&D carried out by the national laboratories and industry combined with the establishment of 1000 MW of concentrating solar power plants deployed by the states and their industry partners. Solar Heating & Lighting SH&L research emphasizes the development of low-cost, polymer-based solar water heaters, which have the potential to cut the cost of today’s solar water heating (8¢/kWh) in half to an equivalent of 4¢/kWh. The objective for FY 2005 is to build, install, and begin evaluating prototype units at locations throughout the southern part of the country that can achieve the 4¢/kWh goal. These systems, however, were designed only for mild climates. During FY 2004, conceptual designs were completed for low-cost systems applicable for freezing climates. The goal is for the cost to be cut from today’s 12¢/kWh to 6¢/kWh by FY 2009. Results and Accomplishments Concentrating Solar Power There were several technical accomplishments during FY 2004. Perhaps the most innovative was the work done on the 25-kW Stirling dish/engine system. Stirling Energy Systems (SES), the developer of the technology, enlisted assistance from SNL in developing a significantly improved version of the system. To effectively integrate SES and SNL staff, and to make the best use of the test facilities at SNL, SES moved much of its technical staff to Albuquerque and determined that the first six dish/engine systems (representing a new generation of hardware) would be built at the National Solar Thermal Test Facility in Albuquerque. A new trough concentrator was completed and made ready for the 1-MW project in Arizona and the upcoming 65-MW project in Nevada. The concentrator has a lightweight design and builds on the experience with the concentrators that have been operating in the Solar Energy GeneratingPDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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