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• Using outdoor PV module performance data dating back to 1991, calculated and published annual module performance degradation rates for both thin-film and c-Si modules. A major conclusion was that a 0.5%/year module performance degradation rate is a reasonable goal for all module manufacturers. Future Directions • Continue and expand (if possible) outdoor PV module performance and reliability testing to discover any failures and degradation problems, and to establish accurate performance and reliability characterizations and models in support of PV systems selection and design. • Improve accelerated testing methods, diagnostics, and modeling for module packaging materials and designs, leading to minimal issues with manufactured modules. • Improve accelerated testing methods, diagnostics, modeling, and qualification test standards as required to support the industry’s continued development and commercialization of advanced module technologies and products. • Develop module quick-screening stress-testing methods to identify module technologies and designs that should not proceed past the prototype stage. • Investigate (i.e., module performance and reliability characteristics) lower cost (e.g., $/m2) alternatives for module packaging designs and/or materials, working with manufacturers to help meet long-term PV cost goals. • Work with PV module manufacturers to help develop in-line manufacturing diagnostics that are key indicators of module reliability properties. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction The PV Module Reliability R&D 4Project has been a joint NREL and SNL effort for the past several years. The overall objective is to work with industry to develop PV modules that have 30-year service lifetimes, an annual performance degradation rate of <0.5%, and a $/Wp (as determined by the module efficiency and $/m2) required to meet the 2020 PV system goal of 5 to 6 ¢/kWh LEC (levelized energy cost). This project also provides critical performance and reliability testing and benchmarking of modules to validate the progress and accomplishments of the DOE Solar Program’s investments in PV module technology R&D. Along these lines, we work very closely and collaboratively with the PV Manufacturing R&D and Thin Film PV Partnership Projects. 2. Technical Approach This project is a key component of the overall Systems-Driven Approach (SDA), as shown in Fig. 1. It is an element of “Components R&D” within the Advanced Materials and Devices segment of the overall PV program. To be viable in various markets, the module component of a PV system has to meet certain performance, cost, and reliability requirements related to both the overall system and specific applications. The Module Reliability R&D project addresses module service lifetime and annual performance degradation as integral requirements along with costs and efficiency. R&D is performed at the module materials and design levels, as well as the complete module. Fig. 1. System-Driven Approach and the Module Reliability ProjectPDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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