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• GSE and NREL shared an R&D 100 Award for the development of flexible CIS modules on stainless steel (the seventh for the Partnership, three in the last three years); a 10.1% commercial prototype was measured at NREL. Future Directions In FY 2005, the project management will address changes resulting from the recent recompetition and the lower levels of funding, number of subcontractors, and National Team participation. Subcontracts that are ending will be extended on an as-needed basis to assure completion of graduate student thesis work, where possible. In terms of technical progress, the Partnership will continue to address key issues supporting the transition to successful first-time manufacturing of each thin film. These will be especially critical in FY 2005, which is expected to be a key turn-around year in thin films, with U.S. production rising from about 12 MW in CY 2003, to 24 MW in CY 2004, and to more than 50 MW in CY 2005. Any setbacks in manufacturing yield or outdoor reliability could lead to multi-year setbacks or even technology abandonment in extreme cases. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction Thin-film PV technologies are regarded as having good potential to meet ambitious cost and performance goals consistent with the DOE Solar Program Multi-Year Technical Plan (MYTP) long-term goals for low-cost PV and the PV industry’s 20-year roadmap. The Thin Film PV Partnership is designed to accelerate progress toward those goals. It includes subcontracted R&D in CIS, CdTe, amorphous silicon, and new thin films such as film silicon. The Partnership works closely with NREL’s internal research, facilitating collaborative activities through the Partnership’s National Research Teams. Three National R&D Teams work in material-specific areas (a-Si/thin film c-Si, CdTe, and CIGS), and there are cross-cutting teams in Thin Film Module Reliability and EH&S (the latter with BNL). The National Teams are made up of leading researchers from U.S. industry, universities, and NREL, who work together to define and carry out shared activities. 2. Technical Approach The Partnership had about 34 subcontracts (see below) during FY 2004, with a recompetition under way to fund new contracts starting in FY 2005. The subcontract areas were broken down as shown following table. Task Title Project Management and Team Coordination Thin Film Center of Excellence Amorphous and Thin Film Silicon Polycrystalline Thin Films Hot and Humid Testing NIST (DOE/GO) FY 2004 Budget ($K) 853 868 2,882 5,516 202 140 Of these, five were major, Technology Partner contracts: Shell Solar, EPV, and Global Solar in CIS; First Solar in CdTe; and United Solar Ovonic (Uni-Solar Ovonic) in a-Si. The rest were R&D Partners, which were either small businesses making progress toward pilot production or universities supporting the Partnership objectives. In addition, the Partnership is making an in-depth study of its priorities based on the Systems-Driven Approach. Initial insights were reported at the 2004 Solar Program Review Meeting. The key conclusions are that efforts must be made as follows: 1. Champion cell and module efficiencies must be moved to production in the form of typical commercial module efficiencies. 2. Each technology must demonstrate reliability, with the special assistance of new, accelerated testing at the cell and encapsulated-module levels. 3. Thinner CIS and CdTe layers (while maintaining high efficiencies) should be pursued with greater priority, because suchPDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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