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international organizations (including NREL) develop satellite-derived solar resource data. For the first goal, we produced a small-scale evaluation database, enabling us to investigate database production issues, assess input data availability and quality, and develop modeling alternatives. This forms the groundwork necessary for a report of recommendations on the feasibility of and preferred methods for producing an updated database. That report will provide the U.S. Department of Energy and other interests with the information necessary to allocate resources for a full-scale NSRDB update. For the second goal, we have assembled a team of international experts to develop a formal Annex proposal and Work Plan called “Solar Resource Knowledge Management,” which has been submitted to the International Energy Agency’s Solar Heating and Cooling Programme. This task will support efforts to benchmark solar resource data sets developed by different international organizations (including NREL), provide improved mechanisms to access the data, and undertake critical R&D (particularly in the area of solar resource forecasting) that can be shared by all institutions. 2. Technical Approach For Goal #1, the project acquired all necessary solar, satellite imagery, and meteorological input files necessary for model runs and evaluations to: • Acquire and quality-assess available measurements of solar irradiance data for validation • Research data-filling methods (for missing periods of input meteorological data) • Modify the METSTAT solar model inputs for automated meteorological data and satellite cloud product • Evaluate the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) model (using automated and satellite cloud inputs) • Produce a gridded solar product using State University of New York at Albany (SUNYA) satellite model • Investigate feasibility of new clear-sky algorithms for solar models • Develop improved atmospheric aerosol and water-vapor estimates • Quantify differences between the original NSRDB methods and update methods. For Goal #2, technical meetings on international experts were convened in Washington, DC, and in Madrid, Spain, to develop a work plan for the proposed IEA Solar Resource Knowledge Management task. These plans have been submitted to the IEA and to the Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee for formal approval. NREL would serve as the Operating Agent for this task. 3. Results and Accomplishments METSTAT Model. The recent switch to automatic weather service stations eliminated the human- observed total and opaque sky cover amounts used for inputs to the METSTAT model. The approach used for this year's work derived equivalent sky cover inputs (total and opaque cloud cover) from a combination of Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) and ASOS supplemental cloud measurements. ASOS detects clouds to 12,000 feet, whereas the ASOS supplemental cloud measurements provide information about clouds for heights above 12,000 feet. The measurements (Geostationary Satellite) data. ASOS supplemental cloud are derived from GOES Operational Environmental ASHRAE/NRCC Model. ASHRAE and the Northeast Regional Climate Center (NRCC) have developed a solar radiation model for applications in the architectural community. Their approach was to modify a model developed for estimating global horizontal radiation for the northeast region of the United States. Essentially, the model consists of closed-form transmittance equations for Rayleigh, gas, and water vapor transmission (estimated from dew point), and a look-up table of empirical expressions for aerosol transmission and cloud transmissions to computed global and direct irradiance. Diffuse irradiance is computed from these two estimated components.PDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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