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High-Performance Photovoltaics Performing Organization: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Key Technical Contact: Martha Symko-Davies, 303-384-6528, martha_symko_davies@nrel.gov DOE HQ Technology Manager: Jeffrey Mazer, 202-586-2455, jeffrey.mazer@hq.doe.gov FY 2004 Budget: $2,800K _____________________________________________________________________________________ Objectives The High-Perfomance (HiPerf) PV Project aims to explore the ultimate performance limits of existing PV technologies, approximately doubling their sunlight-to-electricity conversion efficiencies during its course. This work development includes: • Developing thin-film tandem cells and modules toward 25% and 20% efficiencies, respectively • Developing multijunction pre-commercial concentrator modules able to convert more than one- third of the sun’s energy to electricity. The project is expected to enable progress of high-efficiency technologies toward commercial-prototype products. This begins with the investigations of a wide range of complex issues and provides initial modeling and baseline experiments of several advanced concepts. Near-term milestones for the polycrystalline thin-film tandems and III-V multijunction concentrator R&D are listed in the DOE Solar Program Multi-Year Technical Plan (MYTP) and will be discussed in future sections. Accomplishments • Fourteen groups, selected competitively, were involved in negotiations for the HiPerf PV Phase IB, “Accelerating and Exploring Ultimate Pathways.” All awards have been completed and all activities have commenced. • The Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV Group at NREL has demonstrated that a surface-modified CGS top cell exhibits the following NREL-confirmed device operating parameters: Voc = 0.82, Jsc = 18.61 mA/cm2, fill factor = 66.8%, and total-area efficiency = 10.2%. • Solar cells were fabricated at IEC using the structure glass/Mo/Cu(InGa)(SeS)2/CdS/ZnO/ITO with Ni-Al collection grids and total area, defined by mechanical scribes, of 0.47–0.51 cm2. The best cell from one run had an efficiency = 10.9% with Voc = 0.826 V, Jsc = 20.4 mA/cm2, and fill factor = 64.5. From the other run, the best cell had an efficiency = 10.9% with Voc = 0.836 V, Jsc = 20.4 mA/cm2, and fill factor = 64. • Boeing Spectrolab has achieved a record efficiency of 37.3% for a 3-junction terrestrial concentrator cell. This is the highest NREL-confirmed efficiency yet measured for a PV device. • Amonix has been working toward the design of a greater than 33%-efficient high-concentration module. Recently, they completed a prototype package for testing including a sun shield, sun- shield base, substrate, diode, and multijunction cell. Future Directions • The current Phase IB, “High-Performance PV—Exploring and Accelerating Ultimate Pathways,” is a continuation of Phase I and addresses exploring and accelerating ultimate pathways to reach the project’s long-term goals. Several promising approaches will be explored in each category during this phase, which will lead to Phase II, “Implementation of Pathways.”PDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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