Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production

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Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production ( evaluation-improvements-end-conversion-efficiency-bioenergy- )

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6 Conclusions and recommendations In this report possible improvements in end-conversion and policy options to obtain these are addressed. Due to the diverse types of installations, types of biomass used and purpose of the different installations, conclusions from this study are diverse. The local situation and BTC configuration determine whether these options are available for improvement. Furthermore actual end-conversion efficiency is also influenced by several external or location factors and process management. For some factors influencing the end-conversion efficiency, corrections are applied within the reference system to calculate end-conversion efficiency. The factors of influence for which this is done are: • Scale; • Age; • Climate; • Central versus decentral; As indicated above, one of the other factors influencing end-conversion efficiency is the feedstock used. For the influence of feedstock no correction factor is applied, but some general remarks are made: • Solid biomass: The main issues influencing end-conversion efficiency are biomass composition and moisture content; • Liquid biomass: Viscosity and relatively low calorific value of liquid biomass compared to fossil are the main factors influencing end-conversion efficiency in liquid biomass conversion; • Gaseous biomass: The presence of hydrogen sulphide in biogas leads to losses in conversion efficiency in systems using gaseous biomass through corrosion and damage to the engine; Table 35 summarizes the main biomass technology combinations, their typical efficiencies, possible improvements and policy options to stimulate these improvements. EVALUATION OF IMPROVEMENTS IN END-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION 119

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