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Belize Energy Sector Diagnostic PUC 12 Conventions which address the issue of sustainable development, Institutions and/ or integration frameworks which are concerned with energy and or electricity production and consumption, Projects/Initiatives concerned with sustainable development and energy, and International trade. Belize’s integration at the regional level occurs in two familiar spheres, specifically: (a) CARICOM, where Belize aligns itself with 13 other Anglophone Caribbean Nations and (b) Central America, which includes the seven (including Mexico) other Spanish speaking countries with physical proximity to it. These two spheres are driven by different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, socio-economic, development, and political aims and objectives A recent area of interest is that of International trade. Within this realm, energy is dealt with and considered at various levels and in different forums. At the multilateral level Belize is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which deals with energy under two separate agreements, specifically the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) which deals with trade in goods, and the General Agreements for Trade in Services (GATS) which deals with trade in services. The United Nations Conference for Trade & Development (UNCTAD) also deals with energy issues at the multilateral level but is primarily concerned with providing technical cooperation activities and support including in energy services. At the regional level energy trade is dealt with under the CARICOM framework, whose mandates and dictums also represent Belize under the hemispheric Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). Even though Belize has not scheduled any commitments under Energy or Energy Related Services under the GATS, the country has undertaken progressive levels of autonomous liberalization in that sector. In this regard, if Belize decides to open core energy services such as transmission and distribution to independent operators or encourage active trade in energy services such as consulting in energy efficiency and renewable energies, construction, maintenance of the network, or distribution services such as metering and billing, which are services subject to the GATS, it may want to schedule commitments in these types of energy services. The principal GATS modes of supply for international trade in energy services appear to be cross-border supply (mode 1), commercial presence (mode 3), and movement of natural persons (mode 4). With the support of mode 3 commitments8, competitive suppliers (both local and foreign) could take advantage of the privatization, liberalization and unbundling of Belize’s national electricity market. Cross border supply (mode 1) of distribution services, where interconnections exists between different national networks (e.g. CFE and BEL) is also a consideration As the country continues to seek new investments and new actors in its quest for diversity and balance, understanding the multilateral trading architecture and how it may (or may not) contribute to Belize’s immediate and long term energy sector development is critical. Policymakers cannot avoid the externalities. 8 indicating on a multilateral level that Belize is committed to competition, does not discriminate against foreign competitors and has the required hospitable climate to attract investment.PDF Image | Energy for Sustainable Development Toward a National Energy Strategy for Belize Energy Sector Diagnostic
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