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International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology, Jan. 2013. ©IJAET ISSN: 2231-1963 ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A GEOTHERMAL POWER STATION WITH TWO-PHASE CLOSED THERMOSYPHON SYSTEM IN AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE Milad Khorami 1,*, Bahram Mehrasa2, Masoud Khorami3 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University Branch, Ahar, Iran 1* Head of Artificial Intelligence Department, BackstretchTM, Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT In this paper, an enhanced FORTRAN code was combined with the EES software to develop thermodynamic model and exergy analysis of a two-phase closed thermosyphon system to generation electricity in an organic rankine cycle (ORC). Working fluids considered are R134a, R123, R22, Water, and ammonia. Energy balance is carried out to predict operating conditions of the process. Output of energy balance are used as input for exergy analysis and components of ORC. We also calculated the extraction rate for different lengths of evaporator heat pipe and different temperatures of the geothermal temperature range of 50-200°C. Finally the energy, Exergy distruction ratio and network output for different working fluids is comparable. KEYWORDS: Geothermal power plant, two-phase closed thermosyphon, Exergy, ORC. I. INTRODUCTION Geothermal energy is going to be an attractive energy source due to rising oil prices and environmental pollution concerns. Since the price of oil has reached its peak and efforts are necessary to find alternative energy resources, geothermal energy is more competitive when compared to conventional fossil fuel systems and direct use of geothermal energy has increased approximately twofold in the last five years [1]. Geothermal energy is used to generate electricity and for direct uses such as space heating and cooling, industrial processes, and greenhouse heating. High-temperature geothermal resources above 150°C are generally used for power generation. Moderate temperature (between 90 and 150°C) and lower-temperature (below 90°C) geothermal resources are best suited for directuses [2]. Exergy analysis is vital in designing, optimizing and modeling these kinds of cycles. Exergy analysis is now a mature methodology that accounts for the system’s inefficiency in terms of exergy destruction, i.e., the degradation of the system’s ability to perform work with respect to its surroundings[3].The Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphons (TPCTs) are the high-performance heat transfer apparatuses, which are used to transfer a large amount of heat at a high rate with a small temperature difference. They are widely used because of their simple structure when compared with other types of heat pipes [4]. To utilise low enthalpy natural heat sources, a TPCT using a binary fluid is a good device, which can extract heat without using electric power. For example, when the heat flux in a geothermal bore is moderate, then it is a convenient way to use a long TPCT device [5]. Zuo and Faghri (1998) summarised a ‘network’ model of the heat pipe operation. The network model provided a simple way to calculate temperatures and heat fluxes in the heat pipe. However, the working fluid vapour and thus the working-fluid-related operating limitations could not be examined by this model. Therefore, they proposed a thermodynamic cycle analogy to the heat pipe 52 Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 52-62PDF Image | ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A GEOTHERMAL POWER STATION WITH TWO-PHASE CLOSED THERMOSYPHON SYSTEM IN AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE
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