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representation of solar technologies in these models. New models, such as the Solar Deployment Systems (SolarDS) model, are also being developed. This model analyzes the market penetration of PV on buildings in the United States under different policies and rate structures. We are also reviewing the feasibility of achieving the program’s technical and economic targets. This task examines proposed research goals given technical, funding, and other constraints. Here, our emphasis is on reviewing the existing literature on cost and performance projections, drawing on experts from both within and outside the solar community to review detailed technology cost models, and grounding the program’s targets in real-world experience. In addition, value analyses are completed in which we evaluate policies, as well as other factors, that impact the value of solar energy technologies in various markets. In carrying out these tasks, we utilize resources at NREL and SNL, as well as subcontracts (as described below in section 6) 2.2 Benchmarking Benchmark data provide validated input to the SDA models and are used to validate model output. Data collection spans all elements of life- cycle cost, including component and system performance, as well as cost of components, system design, installation, permitting, operation and maintenance, financing, and so forth. Analysis of the data provides the basis for cost and performance models. This has been a team effort, involving the incorporation of data that have been collected by program personnel and partners over the last two years. The approach to gathering and assessing the needed benchmarking data for PV systems is deeply founded on the basis of strong partnerships with providers and users of the fielded systems, as showninTable1.Thislistisgrowingasadditional parties join the effort. Currently, this work is done cooperatively, without significant subcontract funds. However, the Southeast and Southwest Regional Experiment Stations are supported, as documented as a separate project. Over the course of the last year, the focus has been to develop parameters as input to SDA-modeling efforts, and more recently has morphed into input to the latest Multi-Year Program Plan. This work has focused on U.S. markets, but will expand to include international markets in the future. National Center for Photovoltaics (NCPV) program personnel made the decision to focus on specific PV market sectors where technical improvements are likely to have the greatest impact. These are residential retrofit, commercial rooftop, utility-scale ground-mounted (both flat-plate and concentrating), and off-grid island systems. For each of these sectors, a “typical” PV system has been defined, and benchmarking data have been normalized to determine “typical” parameters for such a system. This means that, from the potentially wide range of values for several parameters, a midrange value was selected to represent this typical system. Table 1. Partners and Other Sources of PV Benchmarking Data Residential Florida (FSEC database) Conservation Services Group CA, NJ Web sites Others Commercial CA, NJ Web sites Conservation Services Group CA Construction Authority First Solar Spire Chicago Others Utility Tucson Electric Power Arizona Public Service Others Off-Grid Arizona Public Service Navajo Tribal Utility Authority Northwest, Verendrye Coops Florida Solar Energy Center Others Systems Integration and Coordination 150 2.3 Modeling The primary function of the model is to allow users to investigate the impact of variations in physical, cost, and financial parameters to better understand their impact on key figures of merit. The model is intended for use by DOE and laboratory management and research staff in implementation of the SDA to program planning. The model may also be used by members of the solar industry to inform internal R&D direction and to estimate systems cost and performance. The working model consists of a user interface module for selecting and providing input data on the system configuration and operatingPDF Image | DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program
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