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jewelry, furniture, and apparel markets. This niche marketofearlyadoptersisexpectedtoincrease sales volumes of HSL technology, permitting cost reductions through economies of scale. With system price reductions, greater market penetration into this niche market and the larger commercial building market (including office buildings) is anticipated. Full-spectrum solar energy systems, such as HSL, provide a new and realistic opportunity for wide-ranging energy, environmental, and economic benefits. Their development is directly inline with the mission of the DOE Solar Program to improve America’s security, environmental quality, and economic prosperity through public-private partnerships that bring reliable and affordable solar energy technologies to the marketplace. Advantages of HSL include: • Small and minimal roof penetrations, reducing the potential for leaks. • Infrared and ultraviolet energy in sunlight is separated from the visible light, rather than being transmitted into buildings. Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) loads are thus reduced by 5% to 10% compared to electric lighting systems. • Ready adaptability to commercial buildings with multiple floors, relatively low ceiling heights, and interior walls. A single system can distribute enough sunlight to co-illuminate several rooms in a typical office building. • No need for large portions of precious plenum space—the area between the roof and drop ceiling—so there is little competition with other building services, such as HVAC ducts, sprinkler systems, and electrical conduits. • Versatility of use for both direct, ambient lighting (as in skylights) and for indirect, task, and accent lighting applications. • Easily incorporated into existing building designs (for retrofit markets), and the optical fibers can be rerouted to different locations as lighting needs change. By intentionally misaligning the solar collector from the sun, occupants can even dim or curtail distributed sunlight. 2. Technical Approach Research in HSL technology for FY 2005 was aimed at significant cost reduction and manufacturability potential while maintaining the high performance level of the systems. This was achieved through the successful fabrication of an acrylic primary mirror and through the testing of redesigned and simplified controller and tracking mechanisms. A third-party market potential analysis was planned to gauge the commercial market size and characteristics. The benefits of the HSL activity are prioritized as (1) light quality, (2) reduction of waste heat compared to other lighting systems, and (3) fossil energy conserved by using solar energy for lighting applications. The first HSL market will likely be on the uppermost two floors of commercial buildings having the following characteristics: (1) located in the Sun Belt and in areas where daytime electricity prices are highest, (2) occupied every day, including weekends, and (3) in lighting applications where lighting quality (or color rendering) is important and less-efficient electric lamps are currently used. Task Title FY 2005 Budget ($K) Develop and deploy two cost-shared new pre-commercial hybrid solar lighting systems for 1-year field trial program across the United States 100 143 Conduct R&D for tracker controller 250 enhancements Advance R&D on low-cost fiber 50 bundles Finalize fabrication of new hybrid 100 solar acrylic mirrors 3. Results and Accomplishments To date, a fabrication technique has been identified for manufacturing an acrylic mirror that meets the tolerances and requirements of an HSL solar collector. A 48-inch-diameter parabolic acrylic mirror is being fabricated by Bennett Mirrors of New Zealand. Early efforts appear promising, with the surface quality of the mirror rivaling that of its glass counterpart. The estimated cost of the new mirror is less than $300 (compared to $3,500 for the glass mirror) and weighs only 9 pounds (compared to 50 pounds for the glass mirror). Completion of a prototype mirror is expected in early FY 2006. The development of a reduced-cost tracker mechanism for the HSL solar collector was begun in FY 2004. An initial “manufacturability” analysis was completed by Protomet Corp. and design modifications were suggested. The use of a high- precision linear actuator in combination with a gear-train drive unit was recommended for reducing cost while still providing high tracking accuracy. From this analysis, the tracker cost has been reduced from $25,000 to less than $8,000. Detailed modeling and final drawings have been Solar Thermal R&D Solar Heating and LightingPDF Image | DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program
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