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Annotated Bibliography of Cooling System Literature Fricke, H. D. et al. Advanced Dry-Cooling Demonstration: Summary. 86. Palo Alto, CA, ElectricPower Research Institute. Notes: {See above citation}. Fricke, H. D., K. McElroy, and D. J. Webster. Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Dry and Wet/Dry Advanced Condenser of Cooling Towers”. 82. Palo Alto, CA, Electric Power Research Institute. Notes: One of three (along with the next two citations) documenting various aspects of the design, operation and test results of the ammonia phase-change advanced dry cooing system developed by EPRI and USDOE in the late 1970’s and early 1980’s. summary information is provided in {REFERNCE}. Fryer, B. C. A Review and Assessment of Engineering Economic Studies of Dry Cooled Electrical Generating Plants. 76. Richland, WA, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. Notes: .Review of the several engineering economic studies of the comparative costs of dry and wet cooling conducted in the early 1970’s. At the time, there was no widely agreed upon approach to conducting proper cost comparisons. Also it was not clear that the dry tower designs had been optimized. Finally, since the energy and capacity replacement penalties which were calculated under the methods used at that time accounted for as much as two- thirds of the cost of the systems, the need for a consistent means of evaluating these penalties was emphasized. It is not clear that the methods used during that era of a fully regulated power business are useful in a deregulated era. 31 references. Ortega, F. M. Layton. 95. Notes: Provides comparative cost estimates of an all-dry air-cooled condenser and a parallel wet/dry system designed for water conservation (nominally 50% of the water consumption of a wet cooling tower). Estimates are for “typical” U.S. site and include installation costs. An indication of cost vs. size for air-cooled condensers is given by comparing three different turbine exhaust pressures (4., 6. And 8. In Hg) for a given design dry bulb temperature (90F). Costs ranged from $13.2 to 8. Million (including installation) for a 600MM Btu/hr heat duty. No references. Goldschagg, H. B. et al. Air-Cooled Steam Condenser Performance in the Presence of Crosswinds. EPRI TR-104867. 95. Palo Alto, CA, Electric Power Research Institute. Notes: Analysis and correction of wind-related performance problems at ESKOM’s Matimba power station. A computational procedure for determining the flow field and its effect on fan performance during windy conditions is presented. The results of a proposed solution, based on the analysis, in preventing turbine trips and providing significant performance improvement is given. 16 references. Goldschagg, Hein. Winds of Change at Eskom’s Matimba Plant. Modern Power Systems , 43-45. 99. Notes: Review of dry cooling at ESKOM’s (South Africa) Matimba Plant (6 x 665 Mwe on air- cooled condensers). Site conditions and physical descriptions of the towers are given as are the operating procedures. Discussion focuses on wind-related problems. Certain wind directions unexpectedly resulted in serious performance losses and frequent turbine trips for high back A-8PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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