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Table 5-13 Lost Output from Capacity Reduction Penalty—Whole Plant 4 117 112.5 152 114.8 5.7 39.6 81 3,205 5 117 99 152 108 17 95.8 916 87,786 The lost output associated with a reduced steam flow depends on what must be done to achieve it. If it is possible to reduce the steam flow without reducing the gas turbine output, by, for example, opening a hot gas exhaust bypass around the HRSG, then the reduction in output applies only to the steam side of the plant. If, however, as is more often the case, exhaust gas bypass is not allowed for environmental reasons, the % output reduction will apply to the entire plant as the gas turbine flow must be reduced as well. The cost of these penalties is evaluated in a manner similar to that applied to the fan power requirements. However, since these penalties are typically incurred at the hottest times of the year, the value of the lost energy may well be higher than the yearly average value assumed for the fan power. Tables 14-16 present the evaluated cost of the penalties for a range of energy values, with the other parameters (discount rate, escalation rate, tax rate, plant life) held the same. Comparative Cost Analyses Case Tmax T8” Hga Tcond @8“ Hga Tav Required Reduction in ITD, % Average Reduction in Output, MW Duration, hours Lost Output, MWh Table 5-14 Lost Energy from Heat Rate Penalty Case Lost Output, MWh Value @ $50/MWh Value @ $60/MWh Value @ $100/MWh Value @ $250/MWh Value @ $500/MWh 1 4,718 2 10,636 3 12,576 4 19,400 5 35,718 1,620,416 3,652,977 4,319,278 6,663,008 12,267,490 1,952,308 4,401,177 5,203,949 8,027,720 14,780,108 3,240,832 7,305,954 8,638,556 13,326,016 24,534,980 8,102,080 18,264,885 21,596,390 33,315,040 61,337,450 16,204,160 36,529,770 43,192,780 66,630,080 122,674,900 5-35PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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