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Turboden s.r.l. – Via Cernaia, 10 25124 Brescia Italy – C. FISC. / P.IVA. IT02582620981 tel +39 030 3552001 – fax +39 030 3552011 – email info@turboden.it – web www.turboden.it the sawmill industry. The two different scenarios were considered, the first with a biomass cost of 10 €/MWh (equal to 25 €/ton, assuming a calorific value of 2,5 kWh/kg); the second with a biomass cost of 20 €/MWh (equal to 50 €/ton, assuming a calorific value of 2,5 kWh/kg). Yearly full load operation hours The heat load curve of a single drying chamber has a small variation in seasonal load and is very variable during a single drying cycle (high load at the beginning of the cycle). To ensure a more constant heat load, operators usually try to distribute the peak loads of multiple drying chambers evenly. According to the experience of existing plants, a number of full load operation hours above 6.500 hours/year is reached. In all the calculations of this study, a full load operation time of 6.500 hour/year has been assumed. The sensitivity of the economic results depending on the variation of this parameter has not been investigated. Discount rate In addition, the discount rate also influences financial results. In the present economic analysis a discount rate of 5% has been considered. 3.2 Influence of electricity value and plant size on the economic feasibility of a CHP unit (fuel cost 10 €/MWh) The financial results are calculated in terms of discounted Pay Back Time of the additional investment required by the cogenerative solution. In this paragraph the sensitivity of the results to the variation in plant size and electricity value is investigated. The following boundary conditions are assumed: constant fuel cost (biomass) :10 Euro/MWh; Average Electricity Value variable between 0,10 and 0,25 Euro/kWhel; ORC size: from T200 to T2000 (about 30.000 – 260.000 m3/year dried production capacity); constant hot water feed temperature to drying chambers: 90°C. The assumed biomass cost (10 Euro/MWh) can be considered as a moderate fuel cost which may be common for countries with low electricity value markets or for low quality fuel (for instance bark) in high electricity value markets. The payback time is strongly influenced both by the Electricity Value and by the Size Effect, due to higher specific investment costs for small units. The results show that plants with an installed power over 1500 kWel have a good feasibility (discounted PBT about 6-7 years and IRR about 16% for 15 years) with an energy value of 0,1 Euro/kWh which can be considered realistic in medium term as cost for the own consumption of an industrial user in most European countries. Therefore starting from this sawmill size (equivalent to a yearly dried production of 215.000 m3/year), biomass cogeneration is economically competitive in most European countries. Plants with a smaller size need a higher electricity value in order to reach a good feasibility. For example, THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF TURBODEN SRL. DUPLICATION OR DISCLOSURE TO A THIRD PARTY OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS EXPRESSELY FORBIDDEN WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF TURBODEN SRL. - QUESTO DOCUMENTO NON DEVE ESSERE RIPRODOTTO NE` DIVULGATO SENZA AUTORIZZAZIONE SCRITTA DI TURBODEN SRL.PDF Image | APPLICATION OF ORC UNITS IN SAWMILLS. TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
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