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• Renewable energy generation: Supports DOD target of 25% renewable energy by 2025 • Greenhouse Gas (GHG) reduction: For mass burn technology, CO2 emissions would decrease between 3%-10% from coal power (Green House Gas Reporting Guidelines 2010), depending on the facility’s existing source of power. There is also a yet-to-be- determined benefit of GHG reductions from elimination of the GHGs which would have been emitted from the material in a landfill (primarily methane). The GHG reporting standards have not yet been defined for WTE gasification systems • Cost reduction: WTE may provide lowered costs for electricity and MSW tipping fees • Landfill closure: Expansion of landfills is avoided, and existing landfills can be emptied using WTE systems; allowing the area to be reclaimed • Expeditionary operations: The Government Accountability Office reported inappropriately slow DOD attention to open pit burning in Iraq and Afghanistan (U.S. GAO 2010). Research into small-scale WTE-gasification units will likely improve the viability for FOB-sized units • Liquid fuels: Conversion of syngas to renewable diesel or jet fuel has direct benefits, see the previously-mentioned Solena Group in Appendix A Benefits to the United States The United States is far behind other developed nations in its use of WTE technology. Land resource constraints forced Europe and Asia to deal with their solid waste situation decades ago, and both regions have successfully implemented WTE solutions to manage this problem. In the United States, the availability of land and previously nonexistent regulation of WTE mass burn emissions resulted in a tendency to avoid WTE solutions. As WTE science and technology have improved, several clean WTE options have become available (Gasification News 2010). Even with innovations in WTE technology and solutions, the primary barrier to implementing this WTE is a negative social image. In a recent trip to Asia to research WTE systems, an important distinction between the people of Asia and the Americas was noted. In general, the Asian people trusted the science of WTE and the endorsement of their government in support of this technology (McLaughlin 2010). A challenge to America is overcoming an old image of WTE technology. For DOD, however, there is arguably more social influence over the populations of DOD installations, and indisputably more ability to direct activities that support the mission of DOD. WTE can support this mission, and due diligence done on the part of DOD (subsequently relayed to constituents) will improve acceptance of DOD installations. This localized shift will then help promote a greater cultural awareness throughout the entire United States. Recommendations Program Recommendations To evaluate the feasibility of WTE projects, the true lifecycle costs for solid waste disposal must be understood. The methods by which installations calculate their lifecycle disposal costs appear inconsistent. To remedy this issue, NREL recommends: 131PDF Image | 4th Annual Chena Renewable Energy Fair
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