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Figure 1.3 Lithium insertion/extraction mechanisms (a) Lithium extraction (b) Lithium insertion O: redox side; □: ion exchange side Manganese oxide is known to adsorb most of the metals onto its surface, even it is known that the heavy metal balance in oceans are controlled by the manganese oxide nodules in water [75]. In literature, there are many articles about synthesis of LiMnO2 adsorbents. In these articles, synthesis studies were conducted with different precursors, temperatures and molar ratios of Li/Mn. The gathered performance values investigated under different pH values, temperature and initial lithium concentrations in feed solution. In the studies of Ooi et al where the adsorption mechanism of LiMn2O4 described, the adsorbents were synthesized by solid-solid reaction [72]–[74] in 1989-1992. In these syntheses, MnOOH and MnCO3 were utilized as manganese source while LiCO3 was utilized as lithium source. Reaction takes place at temperatures between 400-800 oC, for 4 hours. Li/Mn mol ratio was adjusted to 0.2. 0.5 and 0.8. The resultant product was mixed with 0.5 M HCl for two days and lithium ions were exchanged with hydrogen ions. After that adsorbents were dried in oven at 70 oC and put into LiOH solution to investigate the exchange mechanism between hydrogen and lithium ions. In 1995, Feng and Ooi investigated the synthesis of LiMn2O4 and NaMn2O4 with a hydrothermal method [76]. In this method, NaOH or LiOH was mixed with -MnO2 in a desired mol ratio and put into an autoclave where the reaction takes place at 170 oC. After 24 hours synthesis time, the product was washed with water and left for drying at room temperature for 3 days. After the synthesis, it was observed that, lithium manganese oxide was in 21PDF Image | SEPARATION OF LITHIUM FROM BRINES
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)