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Salton Sea Thacker Pass Site Context • Known for environmental hazards as the result of agricultural policy and receding water lines. • Three different projects piloting extraction using novel direct lithium extraction (DLE) techniques. • Companies include Controlled Thermal Resources, EnergySource Minerals, and Berkshire Hathaway Energy. • Located in the northwestern edge of Nevada in the McDermitt Caldera. • Extraction would use traditional hard rock mining methods in clay. • Lithium Nevada, a subsidiary of the Canadian owned Lithium Americas, is the sole operator of the Thacker Pass project. Environmental Impact • DLE impacts local environments to a lesser extent than other extraction methods. • Will grow geothermal energy production • Concerns over extensive water, air quality, and toxic waste disposal. • Air quality needs to be addressed before other industries move to the region • Cumulative impacts unknown. • Concern for multiple plant and wildlife species that are fragile to environmental change • Danger from groundwater pollution that may span over 300 years. • Efforts to reduce carbon footprint and impacts as well as water use by industry. Environmental Review Processes • Frustration over lack of capacity of federal and state agencies. • Permitting processes can put unnecessary tensions between the industry and community. • Trust in CEQA and California regulations • Concern over CEQA exemptions • Desire for more community consultation in review processes. • Industry anchors and begins projects using their own resources without extensive © TNC oversight, which may incentivize firms to mine regardless of impacts. • Lack of capacity and technical expertise from government agencies. • Questions of regulatory capture of state and federal agencies. • Mining laws in Nevada have gradually evolved to increase environmental protections, though some stakeholders say this is insufficient. • Misaligned General Mining Law of 1872. Community Engagement • More inclusive and representative community involvement. • Concerted efforts to engage communities but can be inaccessible given format for engagement. • Desire more transparency from both government and industry entities. • Strong need for more community education on impacts and extraction processes. • Inconsistent community engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. • Yet, there is ongoing engagement between industry, government officials, and communities. • Interactions with the plurality of tribes in the area was minimal by the BLM. • Technical expertise and support to communities has been limited, limiting community resources to participate. Potential Lithium Extraction in the United States: Environmental, Economic, and Policy Implications 52 AUGUST 2022PDF Image | Potential Lithium Extraction in the United States
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)