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27 28 US 10,695,694B2 acid,aceticacid,orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodi nm,fromabout1nmtoabout60nm,fromabout1nmto ments,theacidsolutionispreparedwithhydrochloricacid, about40nm,orfromabout1nmtoabout20nm,andthe sulfuricacid,nitricphosphoricacid,orcombinations coatingthicknesislesthan5nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan thereof.Insomeembodiments,theacidsolutionhasanacid 50nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan50nm,morethan1nm, concentration greater than about 0.1 M ,greater than about 5 more than 5 nm ,more than 10 nm ,more than 50 nm ,more 0.5M,greaterthanabout1M,greaterthanabout5M,or than10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout50nm,fromabout greaterthanabout10M,orcombinationsthereof.Insome 1nmtoabout10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout50nm, embodiments,theacidsolutionhasanacidconcentration fromabout1nmtoabout10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout leserthanabout0.1M,leserthanabout0.5M,leserthan 5nm,orfromabout5nmtoabout100nm.Thecoatedion about1M,leserthanabout5M,orleserthanabout10M,10exchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadarecreatedbyfirst orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodiments,theacid synthesizingtheionexchangematerialusingamethodsuch solutionhasanacidconcentrationfromabout0.1Mtoabout ashydrothermal,solidstate,microwave,orcombinations 10M,fromabout0.5Mtoabout5M,orfromabout0.5M thereof.Thecoatingmaterialisdepositedonthesurfaceof toabout1M.Insomeembodiments,theacidsolutionhasa theionexchangematerialusingamethodsuchaschemical pHlesthanabout4,lesthanabout2,lesthanabout1,or15vapordeposition,hydrothermal,solvothermal,sol-gel,pre lesthanabout0.Insomeembodiments,theacidsolution cipitation,ormicrowavebysuspendingtheionexchange hasapHthatincreasesovertimeastheacidsolutionis materialinasolventandthenadingreagentsincluding exposedtotheporousbeadsandtheporousbeadsabsorb metalchloride,metaloxychloride,metalalkoxide,water, protonswhilereleasinglithiumions. acid,base,or combinationsthereof.The coated ion Insomeembodiments,theporousbeadperformstheion 20exchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadistreatedwithanacid exchangereactionrepeatedlyoveranumberofcycles solutionpreparedwithhydrochloricacid,sulfuricacid,nitric greaterthan10cycles,greaterthan30cycles,greaterthan acid,orcombinationsthereofwhereintheconcentrationof 10cycles,greaterthan30cycles,orgreaterthan1,0 theacidsolutionisgreaterthanabout0.1M,greaterthan cycles.Insomeembodiments,theporousbeadperformsthe about0.5M,greaterthanabout2M,greaterthanabout5M, ionexchangereactionrepeatedlyoveranumberofcycles25orcombinationsthereof.Duringacidtreatment,thecoated greaterthan50cycles,greaterthan10cycles,orgreater ionexchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadabsorbhydrogen than20cycles. ionswhilereleasinglithiumions.Theionexchangematerial Insomeembodiments,thecoatedionexchangeparticles, isconvertedtoaprotonatedstate.Thecoatingmaterial theuncoatedionexchangeparticles,andcombinations alowsdifusionofhydrogenionsandlithiumionsrespec thereofintheporousbeadperform theionexchangereaction 30 tivelytoandfrom theionexchangematerialwhileproviding repeatedlyoveranumberofcyclesgreaterthanabout10 aprotectivebarierthatlimitsdisolutionoftheion cycles,greaterthanabout30cycles,greaterthanabout10 exchangematerial.Aftertreatmentinacid,theprotonated cycles,orgreaterthanabout30cycles.Insomeembodi coatedionexchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadaretreated ments,thecoatedionexchangeparticles,theuncoatedion withaliquidresourcewhereintheliquidresourceisanatural exchangeparticles,andcombinationsthereofintheporous35brine,adisolvedsaltflat,aconcentratedbrine,aprocesed beadareuseduntillithiumuptakecapacitydropsbygreater brine,asyntheticbrine,anoilfieldbrine,liquidfromanion thanabout5%,greaterthanabout10%,greaterthanabout exchangeproces,liquidfromasolventextractionproces, 20%,greaterthanabout40%,orgreaterthanabout60% leachatefromminerals,leachatefromclays,leachatefrom belowtheirinitiallithiumuptakecapacity.Insomeembodi recycledproducts,leachatefromrecycledmaterials,or ments,thecoatedionexchangeparticlesareuseduntiltheir40combinationsthereof.Thecoatedionexchangeparticlesof lithiumuptakecapacitydropsbyleserthanabout5%,leser theporousbeadabsorblithiumionswhilereleasinghydro thanabout10%,leserthanabout20%,leserthanabout genions.Afteracidtreatment,thelithiumsaltsolutionis 40%,orleserthanabout60%belowtheirinitiallithium colectedandprocesedintolithiumcarbonate,lithium uptakecapacity hydroxide,orlithiumphosphate. Insomeembodiments,thecoatedionexchangeparticles45 Insomeembodiments,theuncoatedionexchangepar oftheporousbeadarecomprisedofanionexchange ticlesoftheporousbeadarecomprisedofanionexchange materialandacoatingmaterialwhereintheionexchange materialwhereintheionexchangematerialcomprises materialcomprisesLiMn3012,Li16Mn04,Li,MO; LiMn,012,LiMn604,Li,MO,(M=Ti,Mn,Sn), (M=Ti,Mn,Sn),LiFePO4,solidsolutionsthereof,orcom LiFePO4,solidsolutionsthereof,orcombinationsthereof. binationsthereofandthecoatingmaterialcomprisesTiO2,50 Theuncoatedionexchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadhas ZrO2,SiO2M002,ZrSiO4,LiTiO3,LiZrOz,LiNb03, anaveragediameterlesthanabout10nm,lesthanabout AlF3,Sic,SizN4,graphiticcarbon,amorphouscarbon, 20nm,lesthanabout30nm,lesthanabout40nm,les diamond-likecarbon-carbon,orcombinationsthereof.The thanabout50nm,lesthanabout60nm,lesthanabout70 coatedionexchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadhavean nm,lesthanabout80nm,lesthanabout90nm,lesthan averagediameterlesthanabout10nm,lesthanabout205about10nm,lesthanabout1,0nm,lesthanabout nm,lesthanabout30nm,lesthanabout40nm,lesthan 10,0nm,lesthanabout10,0nm,morethanabout10 about50nm,lesthanabout60nm,lesthanabout70nm, nm,morethanabout20nm,morethanabout30nm,more lesthanabout80nm,lesthanabout90nm,lesthanabout thanabout40nm,morethanabout50nm,morethanabout 10nm,lesthanabout1,0nm,lesthanabout10,0 60nm,morethanabout70nm,morethanabout80nm, nm,lesthanabout100,000nm,morethanabout10nm,60morethanabout90nm,morethanabout100nm,morethan morethanabout20nm,morethanabout30nm,morethan about1,0nm,morethanabout10,0nm,fromabout1 about40nm,morethanabout50nm,morethanabout60 nmtoabout10,0nm,fromabout1nmtoabout1,0nm, nm,morethanabout70nm,morethanabout80nm,more fromabout1nmtoabout100nm,fromabout1nmtoabout thanabout90nm,morethanabout10nm,morethanabout 80nm,fromabout1nmtoabout60nm,fromabout1nm 1,0nm,morethanabout10,0nm,fromabout1nmto65 toabout40nm,orfrom about1nm toabout20nm.The about10,0nm,fromabout1nmtoabout1,0nm,from uncoatedionexchangeparticlesoftheporousbeadare about1nmtoabout10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout80 createdbysynthesizingtheionexchangematerialusingaPDF Image | Patent Lithium Extraction with coated ion exchange particles
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |