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21 22 US 10,695,694B2 Insomeembodiments,theliquidresourcehassuspended 10,0nm,morethan1nm,morethan10nm,morethan solidsataconcentrationofgreaterthanabout1pb,1ppm, 10nm,morethan1,0nm,morethan10,0nm,from 10ppm,10ppm,or1,0ppm. about1nm toabout10,0nm,fromabout10nm,toabout Insomeembodiments,theacidsolutionusedforrecov 1,0nm,orfromabout10toabout1,0nm.Insome eringlithiumionsfromthecoatedionexchangeparticlesis5 embodiments,thecoatingmaterialhasathicknesofles preparedwithhydrochloricacid,sulfuricacid,phosphoric than5nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan50nm,lesthan10 acid,hydrobromicacid,chloricacid,perchloricacid,nitric nm,lesthan50nm,morethan1nm,morethan5nm, acid,formicacid,aceticacid,orcombinationsthereof.In morethan10nm,morethan50nm,morethan10nm,from someembodiments,theacidsolutionispreparedwith about1nmtoabout50nm,fromabout1nmtoabout10 hydrochloric acid,sulfuricacid,nitricphosphoricacid,or 10nm,from about1nm toabout50nm,from about1nm to combinationsthereof.Insomeembodiments,theacidsolu about10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout5nm,orfromabout tionhasanacidconcentrationgreaterthanabout0.1M, 5nmtoabout10nm.Thecoatedionexchangeparticlesare greaterthanabout0.5M,greaterthanabout1M,greater createdbysynthesizingtheionexchangematerialusinga thanabout5M,orgreaterthanabout10M,orcombinations methodsuchashydrothermal,solidstate,microwave,or thereof.Insomeembodiments,theacidsolutionhasanacid 15 combinationsthereof.Thecoatingmaterialisdepositedon concentrationleserthanabout0.1M,leserthanabout0.5 thesurfaceoftheionexchangematerialusingamethodsuch M,leserthanabout1M,leserthanabout5M,orleser aschemicalvapordeposition,hydrothermal,solvothermal, thanabout10M,orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodi sol-gel,precipitation,microwaveorbysuspendingtheion ments,theacidsolutionhasanacidconcentrationfrom exchangematerialinasolventandthenaddingreagents about0.1Mtoabout10M,fromabout0.5Mtoabout5M,20includingmetalchloride,metaloxychloride,metalalkoxide, orfromabout0.5Mtoabout1M.Insomeembodiments, water,acid,base,orcombinationsthereof.Thecoatedion theacidsolutionhasapHlesthanabout4,lesthanabout exchangeparticlesaretreatedwithanacidsolutionprepared 2,lesthanabout1,orlesthanabout0.Insomeembodi withhydrochloricacid,sulfuricacid,nitricacid,orcombi ments,theacidsolutionhasapHthatincreasesovertimeas nationsthereofwhereintheconcentrationoftheacidsolu the acid solution is exposed to the coated ion exchange 25 tion is greater than about 0.1 M , greater than about 0.5 M , particlesandthecoatedionexchangeparticlesabsorbpro greaterthanabout2M,greaterthanabout5M,orcombi tons while releasing lithium ions. nations thereof. During acid treatment, the coated ion Insomeembodiments,thecoatedionexchangeparticles exchangeparticlesabsorbhydrogenionswhilereleasing performtheionexchangereactionrepeatedlyoveranumber lithiumions.Theionexchangematerialisconvertedtoa ofcyclesgreaterthanabout10cycles,greaterthanabout3030protonatedstate.Thecoatingmaterialalowsdifusionof cycles,greaterthanabout10cycles,orgreaterthanabout hydrogenionsandlithiumionsrespectivelytoandfromthe 30cycles.Insomeembodiments,thecoatedionexchange ionexchangematerialwhileprovidingaprotectivebarier particlesareuseduntiltheirlithiumuptakecapacitydrops thatlimitsdisolutionoftheionexchangematerial.After bygreaterthanabout5%,greaterthanabout10%,greater treatmentinacid,theprotonatedcoatedionexchangepar thanabout20%,greaterthanabout40%,orgreaterthan35ticlesaretreatedwithaliquidresourcewhereintheliquid about60%belowtheirinitiallithiumuptakecapacity.In resourceisanaturalbrine,adisolvedsaltflat,aconcen someembodiments,thecoatedionexchangeparticlesare tratedbrine,aprocesedbrine,asyntheticbrine,anoilfield useduntiltheirlithiumuptakecapacitydropsbyleserthan brine,liquidfromanionexchangeproces,liquidfroma about5%,leserthanabout10%,leserthanabout20%, solventextractionproces,leachatefromminerals,leachate leserthanabout40%,orleserthanabout60%belowtheir 40 from clays,leachatefrom recycledproducts,leachatefrom initiallithiumuptakecapacity. recycledmaterials,orcombinationsthereof.Thecoatedion Insomeembodiments,thecoatedionexchangeparticles exchangeparticlesabsorblithiumionswhilereleasing arecomprisedofanionexchangematerialandacoating hydrogenions.Afteracidtreatment,thelithiumsaltsolution materialwhereintheionexchangematerialcomprises iscolectedandprocesedintolithiumcarbonate,lithium LiMn012,Li_6Mn604,Li,MOZ (M=Ti,Mn,Sn),45hydroxide,orlithiumphosphate. LiFePO4,solidsolutionsthereof,orcombinationsthereof MethodsUsingPorousStructure andthecoatingmaterialcomprisesTiO2,ZrO2,SiO2M002, Inanaspectdescribedhereinaremethodsofextracting ZrSiO4,LiTiO3,Li,ZrO3,LiNbO3,AlF3,SiC,SizN4,gra lithiumfromaliquidresource,comprisingcontactingthe phiticcarbon,amorphouscarbon,diamond-likecarbon porousstructurewithaliquidresourcetoproducealithiated carbon,orcombinationsthereof.Thecoatedionexchange50porousstructure,andtreatingthelithiatedporousstructure particleshaveanaveragediameterlesthanabout10nm, withanacidsolutiontoproduceasaltsolutioncomprising lesthanabout20nm,lesthanabout30nm,lesthanabout lithiumions. 40nm,lesthanabout50nm,lesthanabout60nm,les Insomeembodiments,theliquidresourceisanatural thanabout70nm,lesthanabout80nm,lesthanabout90 brine,adisolvedsaltflat,seawater,concentratedseawater, nm,lesthanabout10nm,lesthanabout1,0nm,les5desalination efluent,aconcentrated brine,aprocesed thanabout10,0nm,lesthanabout10,0nm,more brine,liquidfromanionexchangeproces,liquidfroma thanabout10nm,morethanabout20nm,morethanabout solventextractionproces,asyntheticbrine,leachatefrom 30nm,morethanabout40nm,morethanabout50nm, ores,leachatefromminerals,leachatefromclays,leachate morethanabout60nm,morethanabout70nm,morethan fromrecycledproducts,leachatefromrecycledmaterials, about80nm,morethanabout90nm,morethanabout1060waterfromanoilfield,efluentfrom achemicalproces,or nm,morethanabout1,0nm,morethanabout10,0nm, combinationsthereof.Insomeembodiments,aliquid fromabout1nmtoabout10,0nm,fromabout1nmto resourceisanaturalbrine,adisolvedsaltflat,aconcen about1,0nm,fromabout1nmtoabout10nm,from tratedbrine,waterfromanoilfield,aprocesedbrine,a about1nmtoabout80nm,fromabout1nmtoabout60nm, syntheticbrine,liquidfromanionexchangeproces,liquid fromabout1nm toabout40nm,orfromabout1nm to65fromasolventextractionproces,leachatefromminerals, about20nm,andthecoatingthicknesislesthan1nm,les leachatefromclays,leachatefromrecycledproducts, than10nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan1,0nm,lesthan leachatefromrecycledmaterials,orcombinationsthereof.PDF Image | Patent Lithium Extraction with coated ion exchange particles
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |