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US 2020/0399137A1 Dec.24,2020 thelithiumcontainingbrine.Inyetanotherembodiment, iron(I)canbeadedtothelithiumchloridecontaining solutionandoxidizedbyknownmeanstoiron(I),suchas withbycontactingtheiron(I)withanoxidant,suchasair, oxygen,ozone,hypochlorite,hydrogenperoxide,orother suitableoxidizingagent.Contactingsilicapresentinthe lithiumchloridecontainingsolutionwiththeiron(I) compoundformsaprecipitatewhenthepHisadjustedto betweenabout4.5and6withtheaditionoflimeorsimilar base.Itapreferedembodiment,thepH isadjustedto betweenaboutbetweenabout5and6.Inalternateembodi ments,thepHmustbeadjustedtoaboveatleastabout4.5 forthesilicaandirontoprecipitate.Incertainembodiments, itispreferedthepHisnotincreasedaboveabout6,to preventtheprecipitationofotherionicspecies. 9 desiredtobeassmalasposible.Itisunderstodthatthe silicamanagementstepisoptionalandmaybeomitedfrom theprocesforbrinesthatdonotincludesilica,orbrinesthat haveasubstantialylowinitialsilicaconcentration. [086] Incertainembodiments,silicamanagementstep12 canincludethestepofcontactinglithiumchloridecontain ingsolution10withactivatedaluminatoremoveatleasta portionofthesilicapresent.Aluminathatincludessilica boundtheretocanberegeneratedbycontactingthealumina withsodiumhydroxide.Alternatively,thelithiumchloride containingsolutioncanbecontactedwithaluminumchlo ride,whichisconvertedtoaluminumhydroxide,andcanbe usedtoprecipitatesilicapresentinthelithiumchloride containingstream.Inafurtherembodiment,iron(I)that maybepresentincertainlithiumcontainingbrinescanbe oxidizedwithanoxidant,suchasair,hypochlorite,hydro genperoxide,oxygen,ozone,oralikeoxidizingagent,to generateiron(I)chloride,whichafteradjustmentofthepH toaboveabout5,fromaninitialpHofabout2.5to3.5,wil precipitateferichydroxide.Theferichydroxidecanadsorb silicafromthelithiumcontainingbrine.Inaprefered embodiment,thepHisadjustedtobetwenabout5and6to induceprecipitationofsilicaandiron.Inalternateembodi ments,thepHisadjustedtoaboveatleastabout4.5to induceprecipitationofsilicaandiron.Incertainembodi ments,itispreferedthepHisnotincreasedaboveabout6, fitedends.Forthepresentinvention,theoperatingtem topreventtheprecipitationofotherionicspeciespresentin peratureofthecolumncanbemaintainedatatemperature thatisgreaterthanroomtemperature,alternativelyata temperatureaboveabout70°C.,preferablybetweenabout 95°C.and110°C. [091] Thecolumnismaintainedwetandisunloaded beforethefirstusebycirculatingatleastabout1bed volume,preferablyabouttwobedvolumes,ofdeionized water20thatincludesaproximately10ppmlithium chloride,ataflowrateofbetwenaproximately1and4bed volumes/hour,preferablybetweenabout1.5and2.5bed volumes/hour.Thecolumnisthencontactedwithapproxi matelyonebedvolumesofsaturatedsodiumchloridesolu tioncontainingaproximately20ppmlithiumchlorideis thenrun. [0092] Duringloadingofthecolumn(i.e.,duringthestep ofcapturingdesiredlithiumchloride),highionicstrength [087] Inadition,silicamanagementstep12caninclude anyknownmeansforremovingaportionofthesilica presentinthefedstream,whileatthesametimemaintain ingtheinitialconcentrationoflithium.Inoneembodiment, lithiumchloridecontainingsolution10canbecontacted withaluminumchloride,ironchloride,aluminumhydrox tionatoutlet22remainsfairlyconstantandrelativelylow, ide,orthelike,toformaprecipitatewiththesilicondioxide. forexample,aproximately0and10ppm.Thepointat Contactingcanbefacilitatedbyknownmeans,suchasa whichcolumn18reachesornearsthepointofsaturation mixingdevice.Solidsilicaprecipitate16removedfrom withlithiumions,however,theconcentrationofthelithium lithiumchloridecontainingsolution10canbecolectedand intheefluentincreases,thusindicatingthatthecolumnhas removedfromthemixingorlikedevice,byknownmeans, eitherlitleornocapacityforaditionallithiumions.Upon suchasscreningorfiltering,toyieldlithiumchloride containingstream14thatissubstantialyfreofsilica. [0088] Asknownintheart,variousmembranescanbe usedtoselectivelyremovespecificundesiredionsfrom lithiumcontainingsolution14. [089] Silica-leanlithiumchloridecontainingstream14, whichisubstantialyfreofsilica(measuredasSiO2),can besupliedtolithiumchlorideisolationstep.Incertain embodiments,silica-leanlithiumchloridecontainingstream 14canbesupliedtoatleastoneintercalatedlithium absorbentcolumn18,whichcanbeconfiguredtoabsorband reachingthispointofsaturation,flowofthesolutionthat includeslithiumchloridetocolumn18stoped,andthe columnisflushedwithbetweenabout1and8bedvolumes ofdeionizedwater,preferablybetwenabout1and2.5bed volumes,andmostpreferablybetwenabout1and1.5bed volumes,toproducealithiumchloride-richstream24.Itis understodthattheaparatuscanincludevariousvalvesand control devices for controling the flow of the lithium containingsolutionorthewashsolutiontothecolumn. [0093]Incertainembodiments,afterloadingofthecol umn,butbeforecolectionofthecapturedlithiumchloride, isolatelithiumchloridefromthesilica-leanlithiumchloride containingsolution,whileatthesametimealowingother ions,suchascalcium,magnesium,and/orsodium,orthe like,topaswithwaterstream2,throughtheuseofa selectivemolecularsieve,membrane,orotherlikematerials. In embodiments that include more than one intercalated lithiumabsorbentcolumnfortheextractionoflithium,a majorportionofthelithiumisremovedinthefirstinterca latedlithiumabsorbentcolumn,withanysubsequent“pol ishing”intercalatedlithiumabsorbentcolumnsbeingusedto minimizeoverallithiumlosduringtherecoveryproces. [090]Incertainembodiments,theintercalatedlithium absorbentcolumncanbeoperatedasfolows.Lithium aluminaintercalateparticleshavinganaveragediameterof betwenabout10and650um,preferablybetwenabout 30and450um,canbecombinedwithasaturatedsodium chloridesolutionthatincludesaproximately20ppm lithiumchloridetoprepareaslury,whichcanthenbeaded tothecolumn.Thecolumnmaybejacketed,insulatedor mayincludemeanstoprovideheatingorcolingtothe column.Thecolumnmayincludeamethodofdistributing liquidandsuportfortheextractionmediaandcaninclude fritedendshavingaporesizeofbetwenaproximately25 and50um,althoughotherlikemeans,suchassuportsof glaswoolorperforatedplates,canalsobeusedinsteadof solution14containinglithiumchlorideissupliedtocol umn18andthelithiumconcentrationoftheefluentat columnoutlet2ismeasuredtodeterminethepointatwhich thecolumnbecomessaturatedwiththelithiumchloride. Duringthelithiumioncapturestep,thelithiumconcentraPDF Image | Patent LITHIUM CHLORIDE CONTAINING BRINE
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ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |