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Table 4 compares the results of ICP elemental analysis of the digested LixFePO4 obtained with the two different brines using Na2SO3 as reducing agent; the results using Na2S2O3 are also included for comparison purposes. The values of Li, Na, K and Mg uptake reported here have been defined as the amount of ion, in mg, normalized to the mass, in g, of the absorbing material (FePO4). For full lithiation of FePO4, forming LiFePO4, the Li uptake is expected to be 46 mg g-1. Table 4 shows that, for both reducing agents (Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3), the Li update is indeed close to 46 mg g-1. Furthermore, it is observed that the uptake of other cations is very small, thus demonstrating the high selectivity for lithium. From the ICP results, it is useful to calculate the molar ratio of lithium ion and other cations (M = Na+, K+ or Mg2+) in the solid ([Li+] solid:[M]solid, see values in table 4). This can, then, be compared to the molar ratio of lithium and other cations in solution ([Li+]solution:[M]solution, see table 4). Clearly, lithium is a minority component in solution (that is, in the artificial brines), because the values of [Li+]solution:[M]solution are very small. But then lithium becomes the majority component in the solid (that is, in LixFePO4) because the values of [Li+]solid:[M]solid are very high. In order to quantify this change in relative abundance of Li with respect to other cations in the solid with respect to the solution, and following our previous work,30 we have defined the lithium selectivity as the enhancement of the lithium concentration over that of other cations in the solid with respect to the solution: [Li ] solid :[M]solid Lithium selectivity = [Li ] :[M] (6) solution solution Table 4 shows that the use of Na2SO3 produces very high values of lithium selectivity, similar to that with Na2S2O3. While the present ICP measurements were done in aqueous solutions, which prevents the evaluation of proton insertion into FePO4, previous experimental and 17PDF Image | Novel method of lithium production from brines
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |