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PVDF/GO substrate as the anchor for loading imprinted sites; (iii) immobilization of 12-Crown-4-ether on the membrane surface. Figure obtained from reference [53] with copyright permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry. 2.4. Ion-sieve membrane The adsorption method is a promising technology for lithium recovery from seawater and salt-lake brine because of its easy operation and cost-effectiveness. In particular, inorganic lithium ion-sieves with high selectivity, high capacity, and high stability have attracted considerable attention. Among the inorganic adsorbents, MnO2·xH2O (x = 0.3, 0.4, etc.) with a spinel structure has been widely used for the adsorption of lithium. The formation of the Li+ and OH– bond was conducive to the lithium re-injection after extraction [56]. However, the use of powdery lithium ion-sieves in the column operation resulted in a severe pressure drop and a loss of adsorbents, which therefore limits their industrial application. Recently, many efforts have been focused on the development of lithium ion-sieve membranes (LISMs). LISMs combine the advantages of both ion-sieves (i.e., high specific surface area and high selectivity) and the membranes (i.e., immobilised sorbents and low energy consumption), which enables continuous industrial operation. A series of membrane-type adsorbents were prepared by adding LISMs precursors into a mixture of a polymer (e.g., PVC or PVDF) and a solvent (e.g. N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF)) [57–59]. The maximum adsorption capacity and separation factor SLi,Mg of LISM were 27.8 mg g–1 and 4.7, respectively [59]. Another PSf/non-woven fabric composite membrane with Li1.33Mn1.67O4 was developed by Chung et al. to recover Li+ from seawater [60]. In a study by Zhu et al. [61], a series of LISMs incorporating the adsorbent of PVC–Li1.6Mn1.6O4 were prepared using the solvent exchange method. The optimum separation factors of Li+ over the co-existing ions (Na+ and Mg2+) ranged from 454 to 4555. Such high-selectivity factors were 14PDF Image | Membrane based technologies for lithium recovery from water lithium
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)