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An ion-imprinted membrane (IIM) is commonly fabricated by grafting an ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) at the membrane surface. To synthesise the IIP, a cross-linking reaction can be performed between the template molecules and the functional monomers. The subsequent removal of the template molecules forms the binding sites with molecular recognition properties [44–45]. IIP thus has a high affinity for template molecules as compared to other structurally related molecules. IIM combines the advantages of a porous membrane material and IIP, which providing the membranes with the benefits of specific selectivity toward the host ions, easy regeneration, and low energy consumption [46]. IIM has provided extensive applications in the recovery of resources such as alkali metals, heavy metals, and rare earth metals [47–48]. For instance, Xu et al. [47] successfully synthesised Cd(II) IIPs for the selective extraction and quantitative determination of Cd(II) ions in the environmental samples. Similarly, the As(III) ion-imprinted polymer prepared by Liu et al. [48] was used as a sorbent in a solid-phase extraction column for the high efficiency of As(III) removal in the treatment of waste effluents. In recent studies, the Li+-templated IIM technology has attracted considerable attention for capturing lithium. The functional monomers generally include crown ether and calixarenes [49–50]. These functional monomers can form stable metal chelate complexes with lithium ions because of an electron-rich cavity. In addition, the crown ring of crown ether and the cup-like structure of calixarene have a similar size with lithium ions. Calix[4]arenes-functionalised imprinted mesoporous membranes were fabricated by Wang et al. [49]. The high selectivity of Li+ towards Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, and Cs+ was 72, 193, 93, 146, and 117, respectively, exhibiting high efficiency in Li+ extraction. In addition, 12-crown-4 and its analogues (for instance, benzo-12-crown-4 and 2-methylol-12-crown-4) were attached to the polymer matrix for the recovery of lithium (Fig. 3). For instance, a crown ether (CE)-based Li+ adsorbent microfibrous membrane was fabricated by using the 12PDF Image | Membrane based technologies for lithium recovery from water lithium
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)