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Nieto et al.34 studied the removal of magnesium and calcium by making hydroxide ions by membrane electrolysis. 2H2O+2e− →H2 +2OH− (2.11) With an anode of a titanium mesh coated with an iridium-based mixed metal oxide (IrO2/TiO2; 65/35%), a cathode of a stainless steel wire mesh with a stainless steel current collector and an in-between anion exchange membrane, hydroxide ions are produced on the cathode side by Equation (2.11). (2.12) Then, with the reactions in Equation (2.12), the produced hydroxides precipitate magnesium and calcium ions in brine. This technology is novel because it does not need to use either base like sodium hydroxide or carbonate salts like soda ash in order to remove both ions from brine. 2.5.7. FerricPhosphateReduction This technology uses the redox couple of ferric phosphate (FP) and lithium ferrous (or iron) phosphate (LFP), which is inspired by the mechanism of a rechargeable battery cell of lithium iron phosphate. LFP is one of the most popular cathode materials for LIBs because of low cost, performance and safety. The practical capacity is typically 140–160 mAh/g while the theoretical capacity is 170 mAh/g. When FP is reduced in aqueous solution by a reducing agent or an external potential, lithium ions in the solution are selectively adsorbed into FP with the formation of LFP. According to the existing researches, it is known that only the reversible couple of “heterosite- structure FP” and “olivine-structure LFP” can take up and release lithium selectively due to their unique structure. Therefore, the structures of heterosite FP and olivine LFP are firstly reviewed Mg2+ +2OH− →Mg(OH)2 Ca2+ +2OH− →Ca(OH)2 - 45 -PDF Image | LITHIUM EXTRACTION FROM BRINE using ion resin
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)