PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 014
Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 1383 14 of 22 were produced for the southern part of the Uyuni watershed developed for the prototype workflow and are shown in Figure 13a. They mainly enter the river system or find their way to the salar itself. The latter is a low point in the system from a groundwater head perspective (see Figure 12) and so will attract any particles that are not captured by the river network. The time distribution of the particles (longest in the system first) is illustrated in Figure 13b. The maximum time of travel is of the order of 1 Ma, consistent with times observed in other salar watersheds, e.g., Atacama [38]. However, the shorter-lived particles Remote Sens. 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 15 of 21 (<10,000 a), shown in light blue in Figure 11b, migrate to the rivers where they can flow to the salar via the Rio Grande de Lipez delta [39]. 44 FFigiguurere1133..MMOODDPPAATTHHaannddmaasssbbaalalanncceeoouutptpuutsts::(a(a))ppaartritcilceletrtarackckss(1(100yyeaerasrsananddyyoouunnggereraarere highlighted in light blue) and (b) time of travel distribution for area of interest. highlighted in light blue) and (b) time of travel distribution for area of interest. 5.3. Mass Balance 5.3. Mass Balance The final part of the workflow is the calculation of the mass balance to help understand The final part of the workflow is the calculation of the mass balance to help under- how the lithium may have accumulated in the salar. This is undertaken by a combination stand how the lithium may have accumulated in the salar. This is undertaken by a com- of determining the inflow of lithium mass along with the time groundwater takes to arrive bination of determining the inflow of lithium mass along with the time groundwater takes at the salar. The typical concentration of lithium in the main river feeding the salar, Rio to arrive at the salar. The typical concentration of lithium in the main river feeding the Grande de Lipez, is of the order of 1–5 mg/L. Whilst this is low compared to the maximum salar, Rio Grande de Lipez, is of the order of 1–5 mg/L. Whilst this is low compared to the lithium concentration in the salar of 5–10 g/L, it is relatively high for surface water. maximum lithium concentration in the salar of 5–10 g/L, it is relatively high for surface Lithium concentrations in the rock mass within the Uyuni watershed are of the order 16–65 mg/L (see Table 4 in [53]). The groundwaters can then leach lithium and provide Lithium concentrations in the rock mass within the Uyuni watershed are of the order water. input to the river system before it flows into the salar itself in the delta of Rio Grande de 16–65 mg/L (see Table 4 in [53]). The groundwaters can then leach lithium and provide Lipez. Previous calculations shown by Risacher and Fritz [39] demonstrate that streamflow input to the river system before it flows into the salar itself in the delta of Rio Grande de inputs estimated at 2 cumecs and lithium concentrations of 3 mg/L can “fill” the salar Lipez. Previous calculations shown by Risacher and Fritz [39] demonstrate that stream- every 100,000 years. This is a relatively short timescale compared to the time to fill other flow inputs estimated at 2 cumecs and lithium concentrations of 3 mg/L can “fill” the salar salars with lithium, e.g., 1.9 Ma for Atacama [38]. However, the particle tracks demonstrate every 100,000 years. This is a relatively short timescale compared to the time to fill other that in the time of travel (~104 years) sufficient lithium can be leached from the rock mass salars with lithium, e.g., 1.9 Ma for Atacama [38]. However, the particle tracks demon- to provide the likely lithium concentrations in groundwaters of the order of 10 mg/L. strate that in the time of travel (~104 years) sufficient lithium can be leached from the rock Given that the particles mainly go to the river system, the concentration observed in the mass to provide the likely lithium concentrations in groundwaters of the order of 10 mg/L. Rio Grande de Lipez can be produced by leaching from rocks in the watershed. Therefore, Given that the particles mainly go to the river system, the concentration observed in the the workflow enables the current working assumption of a relatively short time to fill Rio Grande de Lipez can be produced by leaching from rocks in the watershed. Therefore, the salar with lithium to be realistic. However, considerable uncertainty remains both on the workflow enables the current working assumption of a relatively short time to fill the the processes as they exist now and the dynamic nature of the system with changes to salar with lithium to be realistic. However, considerable uncertainty remains both on the rock mass and climate. The former can only be addressed with more field data such as processes as they exist now and the dynamic nature of the system with changes to rock groundwater heads and river flows. The latter requires an understanding of geological mass and climate. The former can only be addressed with more field data such as ground- processes which relies on dating approaches such as geochemical analysis. Nonetheless, water heads and river flows. The latter requires an understanding of geological processes which relies on dating approaches such as geochemical analysis. Nonetheless, the flexibil- ity and repeatability of the workflow enable the calculation to be revisited once more data and understanding become available.PDF Image | Lithium Brine Deposit Formation
PDF Search Title:
Lithium Brine Deposit FormationOriginal File Name Searched:
remotesensing-14-01383-v2.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |