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Chapter 6 β Production of Few Layer Graphene in Aqueous Media for Biological Studies magnitude lower at each step, suggesting dialysis is a controlled solvent exchange process suitable for preparation of aqueous graphene dispersions. 6.2.4. Characterisation of dialysed graphene The quality of the 0.1 v/v% dialysed graphene dispersions was characterised using AFM, Raman spectroscopy and XRD. AFM statistical analysis was carried out on graphene flakes spray-deposited onto mica substrates. Figure 6.6 shows representative AFM scans (see Appendix 9.3 for more AFM scans), with histograms of the length of flakes (πΏπ΄πΉπ) and the number of layers per flake (π). The mean length of flakes (γπΏπ΄πΉπγ) was around 140 Β± 70 nm and 170 Β± 80 nm for the 0.1 v/v% dialysed G/DMF and G/NMP dispersions, respectively. The γπΏπ΄πΉπγ obtained was similar to that of the starting 100 v/v% dispersions. Similar to the starting dispersions, the mean number of layers per flake (γπγ) for 0.1 v/v% dialysed G/DMF and G/NMP dispersions remained around 4.5 Β± 2.3 and 4.3 Β± 1.9, respectively. However, a ~7 % increase in π>8βππ compared to the starting dispersions was observed, indicating a possible slight increase in the degree of aggregation in the dialysed dispersions. Nevertheless, π1βππ and π1β5βππ remained around ~9 % and ~67 %, respectively. 170PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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