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Chapter 5 β Production of Few Layer Graphene in Organic Solvents probing the πΌπ·βπΌπΊ ratio along with πΌπ·βπΌπ·β², it was shown that the intense D bands are from the edges that are formed during the sonication process, and not because of any new basal plane defects. This shows that the sonication is a non-destructive process with regards to the introduction of any new basal plane defects. Moreover, the πΏπ ππππ was also derived from the πΌπ·βπΌπΊ which compares to πΏπ΄πΉπ with a relative error of ~17 %. Finally, the potential for DLS as an efficient characterisation technique for estimating the lateral dimensions of the graphene flakes was explored. The πΏπ·πΏπ derived from the primary peak position of IPSD of DLS were compared to the calculated πΏπ ππππ and πΏπ΄πΉπ. It was found that the πΏπ·πΏπ indeed exhibited a linear relationship with πΏπ ππππ and πΏπ΄πΉπ, with a relative error of ~25 % in measuring the mean size of nanosheets (in submicron region). This is consistent with the IPSD obtained from DLS is a measure of the hydrodynamic diameter, which is the diameter of a sphere whose volume is equal to that of the mean graphene flakes volume, having similar translational diffusion coefficient. This in situ length measurement technique, despite its error, could play a crucial role when preliminary ideas of the flake sizes are required, comparing samples in a quality control environment such as production or understanding the in situ aggregation of graphene sheets. It has to be noted that, the method established in this chapter for measuring the lateral dimensions using AFM and DLS and the quality of graphene flakes using Raman spectroscopy will be used in the Chapter 6 to characterise the graphene flakes produced using bio-molecules as surfactants. Furthermore, the FLG/NMP and FLG/DMF dispersions produced in this chapter will be used as the starting material for further studies (dialysis β section 6.2.2). 159PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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