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Chapter 5 β Production of Few Layer Graphene in Organic Solvents that the IPSD of DLS measures the hydrodynamic diameter, which is the diameter of a sphere whose volume is equal to that of the mean graphene flakes volume, having similar translational diffusion coefficient. One can also note the large error bars which correspond to the AFM standard deviation, and as explained (section 5.2.2) it is because of the presence of large length distributions in samples with lower centrifugation speed. Despite the error bar, the mean length derived from AFM (γπΏπ΄πΉπγ) and Raman (γπΏπ ππππγ) does scale with DLS data (γπΏπ·πΏπγ). Hence, the derived πΏπ·πΏπ is a reliable estimate of the mean size of the nanosheets in the dispersion and not the distribution. DLS cannot determine the distribution of length due to the limitations of the instrument (data point of x-axis in Figure 5.16).70 Another limitation is that DLS becomes less sensitive when the size of the particles is > 1-2 ΞΌm. However, most of the LPE nanosheets do fall below majorly below 1 ΞΌm. Recently Lotya et al. have measured the size of various nanosheets types (graphene, MoS2 and WS2 in various solvents) using DLS. The lateral size statistical data were derived from TEM images on centrifugation-based size-selected flakes.70 Figure 5.19: Primary IPSD peak position, aDLS, vs mean nanosheets size, γπΏγ, measured from TEM image analysis. Dashed line: fitted power law dependence of aDLS with γπΏγ. Image used from ref.70 They have found that the primary IPSD peak position, aDLS, and γπΏγππΈπ scale linearly and follows a power law dependence (Figure 5.19). The fact that data for different nanosheets types fall on the same line (Figure 5.19), similar to the current study (Figure 5.18), supports this analysis as it shows that only nanosheets lateral dimension 157PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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